TABLE 1.

Latin American frequencies of SNPs associated with obesity, including South and Native American.

Gene	SNP	Frequency of reference allele			Frequency of alternative allele			Association
		ALFA Latin American	PAGE Study South American	PAGE Study Native American	ALFA Latin American	PAGE Study South American	PAGE Study Native American
ADRB2	rs1042713	G = 0.55	G = 0.52	G = 0.54	A = 0.44	A = 0.48	A = 0.46	Higher cholesterol levels
ADRB3	rs4994	T = 0.86	T = 0.83	T = 0.88	C = 0.14	C = 0.17	C = 0.12	Increased levels of insulin, leptin, glucose, and lipids
APOA5	rs964184	G = 0.25	G = 0.34	G = 0.20	C = 0.75	C = 0.66	C = 0.80	Lower HDL and higher triglyceride levels
	rs662799	C = 0.14	C = 0.18	C = 0.09	T = 0.85	T = 0.82	T = 0.90	Higher levels of total cholesterol
CETP	rs3764261	C = 0.66	C = 0.66	C = 0.65	A = 0.33	A−0.33	A = 0.35	Lower HDL
CYP1A2	rs762551	C = 0.33	C = 0.22	C = 0.30	A = 0.67	A = 0.78	A = 0.70	Higher caffeine consumption
CYP2R1	rs10741657	A = 0.36	NA	NA	G = 0.64	NA	NA	Vitamin D deficiency
CYP7A1	rs3808607	C = 0.35	C = 0.30	C = 0.42	A = 0.65	A = 0.70	A = 0.58	Cholesterol levels
FABP2	rs1799883	T = 0.26	T = 0.27	T = 0.26	C = 0.74	C = 0.73	C = 0.74	Fatty acid uptake
FADS1	rs174545	C = 0.49	C = 0.39	C = 0.61	G = 0.51	G = 0.61	G = 0.39	Fatty acid metabolism
	rs174561	T = 0.51	NA	NA	C = 0.49	NA	NA
FADS2	rs174583	C = 0.48	C = 0.36	C = 0.57	T = 0.52	T = 0.64	T = 0.43	Triglyceride levels
FTO	rs8050136	C = 0.67	C = 0.76	C = 0.65	A = 0.33	A = 0.23	A = 0.35	Obesity predisposition
	rs9939609	T = 0.66	T = 0.76	T = 0.64	A = 0.34	A = 0.24	A = 0.34
FUT2	rs601338	G = 0.64	NA	NA	A = 0.36	NA	NA	Vitamin B12 levels
GC	rs2282679	A = 0.77	NA	NA	C = 0.23	NA	NA	Vitamin D deficiency
GIPR	rs2287019	C = 0.85	C = 0.89	C = 0.83	T = 0.15	T = 0.11	T = 0.17	Obesity predisposition
IRS1	rs1522813	G = 0.68	NA	NA	A = 0.32	NA	NA	Increased levels of glucose
LEP	rs7799039	G = 0.69	NA	NA	A = 0.31	NA	NA	Food intake regulation
LIPC	rs1800588	C = 0.60	C = 0.48	C = 0.63	T = 0.40	T = 0.52	T = 0.37	Higher LDL levels
MC4R	rs17782313	T = 0.82	T = 0.88	T = 0.81	C = 0.18	C = 0.12	C = 0.19	Energy homeostasis and appetite regulation
	rs11872992	G = 0.86	G = 0.84	G = 0.88	A = 0.14	A = 0.16	A = 0.12
	rs8093815	C = 0.68	NA	NA	T = 0.32	NA	NA
	rs17066856	T = 0.82	NA	NA	C = 0.18	NA	NA
	rs1943218	T = 0.70	NA	NA	C = 0.30	NA	NA
	rs17066829	T = 0.65	NA	NA	A = 0.35	NA	NA
	rs9966412	G = 0.79	NA	NA	A = 0.21	NA	NA
	rs17066859	G = 0.87	NA	NA	A = 0.13	NA	NA
MYRF	rs174537	G = 0.61	G = 0.39	G = 0.61	T = 0.39	T = 0.61	T = 0.39	LDL and cholesterol levels
MTHFR	rs1801133	C = 0.63	C = 0.58	C = 0.71	T = 0.37	T = 0.42	T = 0.29	Folate deficiency
NOS3	Rs1799983	T = 0.24	NA	NA	G = 0.76	NA	NA	Obesity predisposition
NPY	rs16147	T = 0.40	T = 0.32	T = 0.44	C = 0.60	C = 0.68	C = 0.56	Higher obesity risk
PCSK1	rs6234	G = 0.76	G = 0.79	G = 0.75	C = 0.24	C = 0.21	C = 0.56	Obesity predisposition
	rs236918	C = 0.93	C = 0.77	C = 0.82	G = 0.07	G = 0.23	G = 0.18	Lower HDL levels
PPARG	rs1801282	C = 0.96	C = 0.89	C = 0.88	G = 0.04	G = 0.11	G = 0.12	Obesity predisposition
TCF7L2	rs7903146	C = 0.72	C = 0.81	C = 0.74	T = 0.28	T = 0.19	T = 0.26	Increased diabetes risk
TFR2	rs7385804	C = 0.31	C = 0.25	C = 0.34	A = 0.69	A = 0.75	A = 0.66	Iron deficiency
UCP1	rs1800592	A = 0.60	A = 0.52	A = 0.65	G = 0.40	G = 0.48	G = 0.35	Obesity predisposition
UGT1A1	rs6742078	G = 0.69	G = 0.63	G = 0.65	T = 0.31	T = 0.37	T = 0.35	Bilirubin serum level

The obesity-associated risk alleles are in in bold.