Table 1. Overview of eligibility criteria for EMERGE clinical trial.

Inclusion Criteria
Participants between 18–50 years old with a singleton pregnancy of gestation up to 28 weeks (+6 days) Positive diagnosis of Gestational diabetes mellitus according to International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criteria
Exclusion criteria
Participants who have an established diagnosis of diabetes (Type 1, Type 2, monogenic or secondary) Participants with a fasting glucose level of ≥ 7 mmol/l or a 2-hour value ≥ 11.1 mmol/L Known intolerance or contraindication to the use of metformin Major congenital malformations or known small for gestational age fetus Current gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia or ruptured membranes Significant gastrointestinal problems, history of drug/alcohol use, serious mental health issues with potential to affect compliance with trial Congestive heart failure Rare hereditary problems of galactose intolerance, Lapp lactose deficiency or glucose-galactose malabsorption