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. 2022 Dec 1;4:972717. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2022.972717

Table 4.

The autonomy of the National Olympic Committees.

Botswana Guatemala Sri Lanka
Domestic context and legacies Strong government ambitions in sport policy-making Strong legacy of sport autonomy Strong interventionist legacy, politicization due to civil war
Formal compliance Formal acceptance of autonomy but unclear division of responsibility between government agency and NOC Sports autonomy adopted in constitution Legal framework does not respect sports autonomy
Provision of public funding Strong dependence on government funding but limited government interference in budgeting Fixed provision of public funding specified in the constitution, autonomous budgeting by the NOC Prioritization of financial independence in order to avoid political interference
Participation in sport policy-making Expansion of NOC activities but limited influence due to organizational rivalries Strong influence of NOC Self-restraint, political interference and instrumentalization
Translation of the governance transplant Iron out tension Full transfer or “gold-plating” Marginalization