Table 2.

Challenges and opportunities for inspirational motivation.

		M	SD	Challenges (−) and Opportunities (+)
Leaders t(21) = 3.46; p = 0.002)	WFH	3.59	1.05	– lack of contact (feedback) impedes capturing the team atmosphere “In the remote setting it is difficult to sense when conflicts are upcoming or when the general mood decreases.” - digital communication hampers transfer of enthusiasm “I do not know how to transfer enthusiasm and motivation via e-mail or chat. And also, during videoconferences it’s difficult because I get any non-verbal signals.”
	Office	4.32	0.78	+ contact (feedback) supports capturing the team atmosphere “In the office I see the emotions and level of motivation of my team members. So, I can easily intervene when something is going on” + spontaneous, informal chats transmit enthusiasm “Motivating my team members usually happens in spontaneous informal chats and not during discussion of tasks. These chats happen very often when we are both in the office.”
Employees t(17) = 2.67; p = 0.015	WFH	3.00	1.19	– lack of contact impedes motivating the team “I would not dare to call my leader to talk about my level of motivation or the atmosphere in the team. I know that he is very busy and I do not want to interrupt him with something that is not task related.” - digital communication hampers transfer of enthusiasm “Usually my manager is someone who is very good at conveying motivation and enthusiasm for our long-term goals. But when we work from home, he does not do it at all. Or I just do not perceive it.”
	Office	3.50	1.30	+ social presence supports motivating the team “In the office I communicate regularly with my leader so it easier to talk about motivation issues or issues within the team.”