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. 2022 Dec 1;15:1056966. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1056966
References Country Clinical condition, sample size (F/M) Study design Age, mean (years) Outcome measures Baseline pain intensity: mean Baseline depression/anxiety: mean
Samartin-Veiga et al. (2022) Spain Fibromyalgia, 130 RAN-PA-DB-SC 50.37 NRS/HADS tDCS (M1): 7.43/tDCS (DLPFC): 7
tDCS (OIC): 6.71/sham: 7.49
tDCS (M1) (d): 21.28/tDCS (DLPFC) (d): 21.76
tDCS (OIC) (d): 22.12/sham (d): 20
Forogh et al. (2021) Iran Fibromyalgia, 30/0 RAN-PA-SB 45.9 VAS/DASS-21 tDCS: 8.80/rTMS: 7.93 tDCS (d): 25.87/rTMS (d): 23.33
tDCS (a): 22.13/rTMS (a): 16.53
McPhee and Graven-Nielsen (2021a) Denmark Low back pain, 18/6 RAN-CO-DB-SC 28.6 VAS/BDI All: 3.0 All (BDI): 8.7
Gunduz et al. (2021) USA Neuropathic pain, 44/68 RAN-PA-DB-SC 44.23 VAS/BDI/BAI tDCS + MT: 6.18/sham + MT: 6.03 tDCS + MT (d): 8.17/sham + MT (d): 11.68
tDCS + MT (a): 10.51/sham + MT (a): 13.60
Soler et al. (2021) Spain Neuropathic pain, 91/39 RAN-PA-SB 48.5 NPSI/BPI/PHQ-9 tDCS: 0.34/sham: 0.31 tDCS (d): 7.05/sham (d): 6.22
Shiasy et al. (2020) Iran Low back pain, 60 RAN-PA-SB-SC 32.65 BPI/DASS ABM + tDCS: 56.13/ABM + sham: 42.86 ABM + tDCS (d): 7.21/ABM + sham (d): 8.61
ABM + tDCS (a): 6.14/ABM + sham (a): 5.69
Young et al. (2020) Australia Neuropathic pain, 24/6 RAN-PA-SB-SC 50.53 VAS/DASS tDCS: 6.3/sham: 5 tDCS (d): 6.9/sham (d): 12.8
tDCS (a): 7.9 /sham (a): 12.1
Dutra et al. (2020) Brazil Primary dysmenorrhea, 24/0 RAN-PA-DB-SC 23.55 NRS/HAS tDCS: 5.07/sham: 4.54 tDCS (a): 19.46/sham (a): 19.45
Pegado et al. (2020) Brazil Primary dysmenorrhea, 22/0 RAN-PA-DB-SC 20.82 NRS/HAMA tDCS: 7.81/sham: 4.54 tDCS (a): 21.9/sham (a): 19.4
Divandari et al. (2019) Iran Chronic pelvic pain, 16 RAN-CO-DB-SC NA VAS/BDI tDCS: 6.12/sham: 4.93 tDCS (d): 10.43/sham (d): 8.62
Mariano et al. (2019) USA Low back pain, 18/3 RAN-PA-DB-SC 63.08 DVPRS/PASS-20 tDCS: 5.4/sham: 5.5 tDCS (d): 11/sham (d): 8.1
tDCS (a): 34.4/sham (a): 37.5
Yoo et al. (2018) USA Fibromyalgia, 3/55 RAN-PA-SB-SC 46.53 NRS/BDI tDCS: 6.75/sham: 7.19 tDCS (d): 21.75/sham (d): 19.9
Ibrahim et al. (2018) Egypt Visceral pain, 27/13 RAN-PA-DB-SC 57.87 VAS/HAMD tDCS: 6.5/sham: 6.85 tDCS (d): 17/sham (d): 16.85
Morin et al. (2017) Canada Vestibulodynia, 39 RAN-PA-DB-SC 22 NRS/BDI/PASS-20 tDCS: 6.5/sham: 7 tDCS (d): 7.1/sham (d): 6.2
tDCS (a): 42.7/sham (a): 33.9
Mendonca et al. (2016) Brazil Fibromyalgia, 44/1 RAN-PA-DB-SC 47.6 VNS/BDI tDCS + AE: 7.3/sham + AE: 6.8 tDCS + AE (d): 20.8/sham + AE (d): 21.0
Ayache et al. (2016) France Neuropathic pain, 13/3 RAN-CO-DB-SC 48.9 VAS/HADS tDCS: 51.2/sham: 52.1 tDCS (d): 6.4/Sham (d): 6.3
tDCS (a): 7.7 /Sham (a): 8.1
Fagerlund et al. (2015) Norway Fibromyalgia, 45/3 RAN-PA-DB-SC 48.6 NRS/HADS tDCS: 4.93/sham: 5.31 tDCS (d): 4.94/sham (d): 5.71
tDCS (a): 7.00/sham (a): 5.76
Kim et al. (2013) Korea Neuropathic pain, 35/25 RAN-PA-DB-SC 61.57 VAS/BDI tDCS (M1): 5.75/tDCS (DLPFC): 5.70/sham: 5.55 tDCS (M1) (d): 10.60/tDCS (DLPFC) (d): 8.75/sham (d): 11.10
Wrigley et al. (2013) Australia Neuropathic pain, 2/8 RAN-CO-DB-SC 56.1 NRS/BDI All: 5.6 All (d): 8.4
Mori et al. (2010) Italy Neuropathic pain, 11/8 RAN-PA-DB-SC 44.8 VAS/BDI tDCS: 55.5/sham: 57.7 tDCS (d): 11.1/Sham (d): 8.79
tDCS (a): 37.7/Sham (a): 38.7
Fregni et al. (2006a) USA Neuropathic pain, 14/3 RAN-PA-DB-SC 35.75 VAS/BDI tDCS: 6.2/sham: 6 tDCS (d): 8.9/sham (d): 12.6
Fregni et al. (2006b) USA Fibromyalgia, 32/0 RAN-PA-DB-SC 52.73 VAS/BDI tDCS (M1): 8.5/tDCS (DLPFC): 8/sham : 7.5 tDCS (M1) (d): 19.9/tDCS (DLPFC) (d): 17.8/sham (d): 20.7

M, Male; F, Female; d, Depression; a, Anxiety; VAS, Visual Analogue Scale; NRS, Numeric Rating Scale; BPI, Brief Pain Inventory; DVPRS: Defense and Veterans Pain Rating Scale; VNS, Visual Numeric Scale; NPSI, Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory; BDI, Beck depression inventory; DASS-21, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21; HAM-D, Hamilton rating scale for depression; HAM-A, Hamilton rating scale for anxiety; HAS, Hamilton Anxiety Scale; PHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item; PASS-20, Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale; HADS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; RAN, randomized; CO, cross-over; PA, parallel; DB, double-blind; SB, single-blind; SC, sham-controlled; NA, not available.