Table 2.
Crude and Adjusted Odds Ratios for Postoperative Outcomes Based on Type of Antimicrobial Prophylaxis
| Postoperative outcomesa,b | Crude Odds Ratio (95% CI) | Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clindamycin | Vancomycin | Multiple | Clindamycin | Vancomycin | Multiple | |
| 30-day SSI | 2.0 (0.9–4.7) | 2.0 (1.1–3.9) | 1.8 (0.4–7.3) | 2.1 (0.9–4.9) | 1.8 (0.9–3.5) | 2.3 (0.5–10.0) |
| 7-day AKI c | 0.4 (0.1–1.7) | 0.9 (0.3–2.2) | 0.8 (0.1–6.4) | 0.4 (0.8–1.6) | 0.5 (0.2–1.4) | 0.8 (0.9–6.2) |
| 90-day CDI c | 1.5 (0.2–11.5) | 0.8 (0.1–6.3) | 8.2 (1.8–36.4) | 1.5 (0.2–12.1) | 0.6 (0.8–5.2) | 5.5 (1.1–28.2) |
| Prolonged hospital LOS c | 1.0 (0.7–1.3) | 1.2 (1.0–1.5) | 3.1 (2.0–4.7) | 1.1 (0.8–1.4) | 1.0 (0.8–1.3) | 1.4 (0.9–2.3) |
| 30-day reoperation | 0.6 (0.2–1.4) | 1.4 (0.9–2.1) | 4.9 (2.7–8.7) | 0.6 (0.3–1.6) | 1.2 (0.7–1.9) | 2.3 (1.2–4.4) |
Note. CI, confidence interval; SSI, surgical site infection; AKI, acute kidney injury; CDI, Clostridioides difficile infection; LOS, length of stay; UTI, urinary tract infection; P < 0.5 for values in bold.
a
Reference group is cefazolin.
b
All multivariate models adjusted for age, BMI, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, ASA classification, tobacco use, corticosteroid use, surgery type, duration of surgery, and duration of prophylactic antimicrobials (1, 2, 3, and ≥4 days).
c
The multivariate models for 7-day AKI, 90-day CDI, and prolonged hospital LOS are also adjusted for other postoperative infections (sepsis, pneumonia, UTI).