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. 2022 Dec 1;13:975558. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.975558

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Copyright © 2022 Pu, Ge, Yang, Zheng, Guan, Chao, Shen, Liu, Chen and Huang

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Root morphology of S. miltiorrhiza in the four treatments. (A) Root scans of S. miltiorrhiza in AM+Fo treatment and NM+Fo treatment. Length of root (B), root projArea (C), and root surfArea (D) of S. miltiorrhiza 30 days after pathogen inoculation. Four treatments included: (1) NM-Fo: non-mycorrhizal S. miltiorrhiza inoculated with heat-killed pathogen inoculation; (2) NM+Fo: non-mycorrhizal S. miltiorrhiza inoculated with pathogen; (3) AM-Fo: mycorrhizal S. miltiorrhiza inoculated with heat-killed pathogen; (4) AM+Fo: mycorrhizal S. miltiorrhiza inoculated with pathogen. Values are means ± SD from four sets of independent experiments with 30 pots per treatment for each set of experiments. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different treatments according to two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test for multiple comparisons (P < 0.05).