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. 2022 Dec 12;10:e14410. doi: 10.7717/peerj.14410

Table 7. Studies of sap flux density or sap flow among species or following nutrient additions in deciduous and evergreen trees, listed from lowest to highest minimum detectable difference.

Forest type Species or treatment studied (number of trees) Effect size and significance Minimum detectable difference (%) Source
Sap Flux Density
Temperate Deciduous and Evergreen Pinus resinosa (8) Pinus banksiana (8) Acer saccharum (8) Populus tremuloides (8) Abies balsamea (8) Thuja occidentalis (8) Abies balsamea (8) Alnus regosa (8) Species was significant overall; pairwise comparisons ranged from 7.5 to 243% (p < 0.05) 16 Ewers et al. (2002)
Temperate Deciduous and Evergreen Alnus incana (41) Populus tremuloides (79) Thuja occidentalis (9) Not Reported 21–65 Loranty et al. (2008)
Temperate Evergreen (Eucalyptus saligna) Control (9) Micro and macronutrients (9) 43% increase with fertilization (p= 0.04) 40 Hubbard et al. (2004)
Temperate Deciduous Control (9) Nitrogen (9) Phosphorus (9) Nitrogen + phosphorus (9) Calcium (9) 14% increase with N (p= 0.26); 20% increase with P (0.10) 36% increase with Ca treatment (p= 0.07) 46 (N × P) 50 (Ca) This study (2018 only)
Tropical Evergreen (Vismia japurensis, Bellucia grossularioides, Laetia procera) Control (9) phosphate (9) phosphate + lime (9) phosphate + lime + gypsum (9) Phosphate + lime + gypsum treatment was 35% higher than phosphate + lime (p < 0.05) 52 Da Silva, Goncalves & Feldpausch (2008)
Temperate Deciduous Quercus mongolica (5)Tilia amurensis (5)Ulmus davidiana (5)Cornus controversa (3)Acer mono (3) No Significance (p= 0.73) 52–75 Jung et al. (2011)
Tropical Deciduous Cedrela odorata (4) Anacardium excelsum (4) Hura crepitans (4) Luehea seemannii (4) Tabebuia rosea (4) Gmelina arborea (4) Tectona grandis (4) Acacia mangium (4) Terminalia amazonia (4) A. excelsoum, L. seemannii and T. amazonia were 113% higher than C. odorata and G. arborea (p < 0.05) 61 Kunert, Schwendenmann & Hölscher (2010)
Temperate Deciduous Control 7) Nitrogen (9) Phosphorus (9) Nitrogen + phosphorus (9) 12% increase with N and 12% increase with P (p > 0.05) 66 Hernandez-Hernandez (2014)
Sap Flow Rate
Subtropical Evergreen (Pinus taeda) Control (5) Irrigated (5) Nitrogen (5) Irrigated + Nitrogen (5) 90% increase with N fertilization (p < 0.01) 74 Samuelson et al. (2008)
Riparian Deciduous (Desert) Populus fremontii (6) Salix gooddingii (6) Tamarix ramosissima (6) T. ramosissima was 122% higher than P. fremontii and S. gooddingii (p < 0.05) 78 Nagler, Glenn & Thompson (2003)