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(a) Drag reduction DR(%) performance of polymers with Mw < 1000 kg/mol as a function of traveled distance through ViEDRA at constant polymer concentration c = 0.01 wt % and Re = 100 000. Prandtl–Kármán plots for (b) PAAm0.5, (c) 0.7P(AAm-co-1St), and (d) 0.5P(AAm-co-2St). The dash double dot line represents the influence of pipe surface roughness.
