Table 3.
Lifestyle and family environment factors associated with risk for children's mental health problems.
| Children's mental health problems a |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk/Protective factors | Unadjusted OR (95%CI) | P value | Adjusted OR b (95%CI) | P value |
| Global sleep disturbances | ||||
| No (N=5,438) | REF. | REF. | ||
| Yes (N=16,088) | 3.51 (3.24-3.81) | <0.001 | 2.98 (2.74-3.25) | <0.001 |
| Physical activity | ||||
| ≥1 h/day (N=13,190) | REF. | REF. | ||
| < 1 h/day (N=8,336) | 1.21(1.14-1.29) | <0.001 | 1.16 (1.09-1.23) | <0.001 |
| Media exposure | ||||
| ≥2 h/day (N=9,938) | REF. | REF. | ||
| < 2h/day (N=11,588) | 1.33 (1.25-1.40) | <0.001 | 1.22 (1.14-1.29) | <0.001 |
| Primary caregivers | ||||
| Parental care (N=15,463) | REF. | REF. | ||
| Non-parental care (N=6,063) | 1.25 (1.17-1.33) | <0.001 | 1.25 (1.16-1.34) | <0.001 |
| Parental mental health | ||||
| Normal (N=16,239) | REF. | REF. | ||
| At risk (N=5,287) | 2.76 (2.59-2.95) | <0.001 | 2.25 (2.10-2.40) | <0.001 |
| Harsh parenting | ||||
| No (N=5,729) | REF. | REF. | ||
| Yes (N=15,797) | 2.43 (2.26-2.61) | <0.001 | 2.06 (1.91-2.23) | <0.001 |
Abbreviation: SDQ, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire; GDP, Gross Domestic Product.
a
SDQ Total difficulties score ≥14 indicates mental health problems.
b
Adjusted by children's age and sex, family type, family income per year, parental education level, provincial/municipality GDP per capita in 2018, and the presence of siblings, as well as rest life style and family environment factors