Table 3.
Longitudinal Analysis Results within the Covid-19 period, May 2020. For responses CIS_1,2,3,4 and SLEEP_1,2,3 the effects are odds ratios, and for the rest responses the effects are linear in the log scale.
| BP vs HC at April 30 | HC Longitudinal Change Compared to April 30 | BP Longitudinal Change Compared to April 30 | SEX1 | AGE602 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| May 14 | May 28 | May 14 | May 28 | ||||
| CIS_13 | 0.7158 (p = 0.1933) | 0.6083 (p = 0.0372) | 0.4552 (p = 0.0018) | 1.3117 (p = 0.1240) | 1.0425 (p = 0.8153) | 0.5486 (p = 0.0009) | 0.5811 (p = 0.0029) |
| CIS_24 | 1.2662 (p = 0.3838) | 0.5010 (p = 0.0027) | 0.5062 (p = 0.0087) | 0.9929 (p = 0.9649) | 0.7635 (p = 0.1218) | 1.2017 (p = 0.4102) | 0.7667 (p = 0.2557) |
| CIS_35 | 1.4259 (p = 0.1191) | 0.5724 (p = 0.0256) | 0.6785 (p = 0.1594) | 1.0461 (p = 0.7555) | 0.8393 (p = 0.2670) | 0.6969 (p = 0.0354) | 0.8125 (p = 0.2216) |
| CIS_46 | 3.7352 (p<0.0001) | 0.9095 (p = 0.7220) | 0.4737 (p = 0.0095) | 1.0825 (p = 0.5168) | 0.8766 (p = 0.3169) | 0.6124 (p = 0.0090) | 0.6751 (p = 0.0379) |
| PHQ-97 | 0.8693 (p<0.0001) | −0.2299 (p = 0.0002) | −0.2439 (p = 0.0004) | −0.0231 (p = 0.5602) | −0.1000 (p = 0.0752) | −0.1588 (p = 0.0541) | −0.1463 (p = 0.0872) |
| GAD-78 | 0.8540 (p<0.0001) | −0.1679 (p = 0.0141) | −0.2088 (p = 0.0064) | −0.0306 (p = 0.5256) | −0.0480 (p = 0.4261) | −0.1047 (p = 0.2336) | −0.2786 (p = 0.0021) |
| SLEEP_19 | 3.5538 (p = 0.0003) | 1.5969 (p = 0.1902) | 1.0193 (p = 0.9384) | 0.8514 (p = 0.2518) | 0.7121 (p = 0.0504) | 0.8347 (p = 0.4517) | 0.7059 (p = 0.1737) |
| SLEEP_210 | 2.6398 (p = 0.0027) | 0.9156 (p = 0.8028) | 0.9639 (p = 0.9008) | 0.9428 (p = 0.6739) | 0.9026 (p = 0.5855) | 1.0030 (p = 0.9897) | 0.6172 (p = 0.0522) |
| SLEEP_311 | 5.3612 (p<0.0001) | 0.9628 (p = 0.9038) | 0.9005 (p = 0.5700) | 1.0513 (p = 0.5575) | 0.9156 (p = 0.4811) | 1.2567 (p = 0.3179) | 0.7982 (p = 0.3353) |
| SLEEP_412 | 0.2269 (p = 0.1812) | −0.0911 (p = 0.3474) | 0.1330 (p = 0.1365) | −0.0358 (p = 0.7422) | −0.1453 (p = 0.2221) | 0.2359 (p = 0.1696) | 0.4672 (p = 0.0042) |
Female as the reference group.
Age>=60 versus Age<60 years old, with Age<60 as the reference group.
Having a change in routines, with “No” as the reference group.
Having a change in family income/employment, with “No” as the reference group.
Having a change in access to social supports, with “No” as the reference group.
Experiencing pandemic related stress, with “No” as the reference group.
A log transformation is applied: Y=log(PHQ+1).
A log transformation is applied: Y=log(GAD+1).
Time it takes to fall asleep, >30 min versus <=30 min, with <=30 min as the reference group.
Sleep quality, bad versus good, with good as the reference group.
Taking sleep medications, yes versus no, with “No” as the reference group.
Number of hours of asleep per day.