Table 2.

Dysphagia presentation and outcome.

Patient	FOIS at initial assessment (appendix 1)	FOIS 3 months post assessment	Instrumental assessment	Key findings from instrumental ax	Hypothesised cause of dysphagia
1	1	6	Videofluoroscopy swallow study	Reduced soft palate elevation leading to escape of contrast to the nasal cavity.	Cranial neuropathy
				Partial epiglottic inversion.
				Diminished pharyngeal stripping wave and reduced base of tongue retraction.
				Reduced duration of pharyngoesophageal opening leading to partial obstruction of the bolus through the PES.
				Collection of residue within the pharyngeal structures.
				Aspiration of pharyngeal residue.
2	1	6	Fibreoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing	Base of tongue candida and diffuse inflammation throughout the pharynx.	Myopathy
				Swallow initiation prompt with good vestibular closure and epiglottic inversion.
				Images indicate mild left sided weakness. Vallecular residue was observed with assessment duration.
3	2	7	No	N/A	Myopathy (myopathic changes on EMG)
4	5	7	Videofluoroscopy swallow study	Swallow initiation at the level of the pyriform sinus.	Iatrogenic laryngeal nerve injury
				Partial approximation of arytenoids to epiglottic petiole.
				Incomplete laryngeal vestibule closure.
				Persistent Laryngeal penetration.