Table 2.

Determinants of response time.

	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)
	Poisson QML		OLS
Dependent variable	Local Response Time	Overall Response Time	Ln(Local Response Time)	Ln(Overall Response Time)
Independent variables	b/std. err	b/std. err	b/std. err	b/std. err
Startup	−0.244**	−0.135**	−0.402*	−0.136**
	0.115	0.055	0.229	0.065
University	−0.022	−0.009	−0.029	−0.007
	0.110	0.052	0.135	0.064
Controls
Marketing innovation	−0.207	0.004	−0.311	−0.022
	0.149	0.072	0.217	0.092
Product innovation	−0.144	−0.035	−0.076	−0.068
	0.129	0.069	0.178	0.088
Region: Asia	0.094	−0.372***	0.019	−0.440***
	0.127	0.084	0.172	0.100
Region: North America	−0.025	−0.037	−0.055	−0.035
	0.079	0.038	0.131	0.045
Industry	0.074***	0.023**	2.466	2.096**
	0.023	0.010	1.769	0.897
Trend: health style	−0.041	0.002	−0.022	−0.016
	0.091	0.054	0.118	0.067
Trend: Outernet	−0.104	−0.037	−0.154	−0.025
	0.093	0.053	0.110	0.067
Trend: data era	−0.056	0.011	−0.008	0.011
	0.109	0.057	0.131	0.074
Trend: distrust society	−0.116	−0.136***	−0.059	−0.105*
	0.098	0.050	0.134	0.057
Trend: attention economy	0.132	0.003	0.128	−0.002
	0.106	0.054	0.161	0.064
Trend: artificial intelligence	−0.150	−0.165*	−0.213	−0.160
	0.167	0.092	0.191	0.111
Trend: seamless commerce	−0.037	−0.061	0.034	−0.098
	0.095	0.055	0.124	0.079
Trend: connected world	0.044	−0.009	0.024	−0.008
	0.078	0.040	0.110	0.049
Trend: future of work	−0.122	−0.027	−0.222	−0.017
	0.160	0.065	0.224	0.076
Trend: urbanization	−0.034	−0.026	0.012	−0.031
	0.127	0.058	0.160	0.071
Constant	1.021	2.826***	−5.234	−4.500
	0.920	0.716	6.510	3.849
N	136	136	136	136
pseudo-R2 | R2	0.097	0.171	0.15	0.407
Chi2 | F	52.40***	98.35***	2.60***	5.96***

Standard error in italics; * p < 0.10, ^**p < 0.05, and ^***p < 0.01, reference category for startup and university is established firms, reference category for marketing and product innovation is technology innovation, reference category for regions is Europe. Industry is the mean dependent variable by industry. VIFs for all variables included are well below 4.