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. 2022 Dec 15;13:7756. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-35474-0

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — a Experimental diagram for optogenetic manipulation of STN–LPB neurons. Timeline for panel (b–k). b–e Effect of activation or inhibition of STN–LPB neurons on pain thresholds in naive mice. b F(_{1, 24}) = 35.4, P < 0.0001. c F_{(1, 24)} = 2_.98, P = 0.1. d F(_{1, 24}) = 0.077, P = 0.78). e F_{(1, 25)} = 0.029, P = 0.87; n ≥ 7 per group. f–g Effect of silencing of STN–LPB neurons on the frequency (f, F_{(1, 13)} = 7.57, P = 0.01) and duration (g, F_{(1, 13)} = 5_.46, P = 0.03) of nocifensive behavior induced by hind paw injection of capsaicin. n ≥ 7 per group. h, i Effect of silencing of STN–LPB neurons on PWT 15 min (h, F_{(1, 13)} = 5_.53_, P = 0.035) and 45 min (i, F_(1,13) = 7_.70, P = 0.016) after hind leg injection of capsaicin. n ≥ 7 per group. j, k Effect of silencing of STN–LPB neurons on PWT (j, F_{(2, 26)} = 30.27, P < 0.0001) and PWL (k, F_{(2, 26)} = 14.09, P = 0_.0003) in CFA mice. n ≥ 7 per group. l Timeline and experimental diagram for panels (m–t). m, n Effect of silencing of STN–LPB neurons on PWT (m, F_{(2, 26)} = 14.25, P < 0.0001) and PWL (n, F_{(2, 26)} = 14.04, P = 0.0001) 2 weeks after SNI. n ≥ 7 per group. o–t Representative heat maps (o, r), time spent (p, s) and velocity (q, t) in the yellow-light-paired chamber in the pre-test and test session for SNI and sham (n ≥ 7 per group) mice. p F_{(1, 12)} = 14.72, P = 0.0024. q F_{(1, 12)} = 4.28, P = 0.061. s F_{(1, 13)} = 0.65, P = 0.44. t F_{(1, 13)} = 1.03, P = 0.33. *P < 0.05. **P < 0.01; Two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc analysis for (b–k, m, n, p, q, s and t). Data are presented as mean ± SEM.