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. 2022 Dec 15;12:21704. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-26323-7

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Changes in ocular axial length when subjects watched movies that were digitally filtered to present the red (“red in focus”) or blue (“blue in focus”) image plane in best focus. In emmetropic eyes, “red in focus” caused significant eye shortening (repeated measures ANOVA: p = 0.007) while “blue in focus” caused longer eyes (p = 0.0001). Strikingly, myopic eyes did not respond to these stimuli, indicating that they no longer detected the sign of defocus. Watching movies without chromatic filters did not induce changes in axial length, neither in emmetropes nor myopes (black lines). Data represents the averaged effect of all emmetropic (n = 20) and myopic (n = 15) participants. Error bars denote SEMs.