Table 1.
Results from student fixed effects models on time spent reading in minutes.
| M1 | M2 | M3 | M4 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| First lockdown (closed schools) | 4.129*** (0.315) | 3.155*** (0.259) | ||
| Easter period | −0.426* (0.209) | 0.286 (0.195) | ||
| Second lockdown (Emergency teaching) | 2.055*** (0.252) | 2.136*** (0.211) | ||
| First l.* college degree | 1.609** (0.543) | |||
| First l.* above median income | 1.072* (0.484) | |||
| Easter period* college degree | −0.719+ (0.392) | |||
| Easter period* above median income | −1.123** (0.373) | |||
| Second l.* college degree | −0.080 (0.337) | |||
| Second l.* above median income | −0.130 (0.316) | |||
| Total period | 2.302*** (0.202) | 2.179*** (0.167) | ||
| Total l.* college degree | 0.299 (0.314) | |||
| Total period* above median income | 0.065 (0.285) | |||
| Constant | 3.359*** (0.155) | 3.359*** (0.155) | 3.262*** (0.148) | 3.262*** (0.147) |
| Observations (students*days) | 586,895 | 586,895 | 586,895 | 586,895 |
Note: Controlled for weekday. Standard errors in parentheses. +p < 0.10, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.