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. 2022 Apr 12;15(1):9. doi: 10.1007/s12200-022-00012-9

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© The Author(s) 2022

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Fig. 13 — Experimental results of TOPS with the folded waveguide [59]. a MZI structure for a test. b Spectral of three samples with average extinction ratio –23.03 dB. c Tuning efficiency of 2.56 mW/π. d Normalized optical transmission. e Rise time and fall time of 34.8 and 34.4 μs. f Thermo-optic bandwidth test