Table 5.

Bootstrapping indirect effect and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the mediation model between depression and PSU by Process model 4.

Indirect paths	Estimated effect	95% CI
Indirect paths	Estimated effect	Lower	Upper
Depression → resilience → PSU	0.07^a	0.033	0.113
Depression → Perceived social support → PSU	−0.064^a	−0.112	−0.021
Depression → school belonging → PSU	0.047^a	0.003	0.092
Total indirect effects	0.053^a	0.002	0.105

Note. N = 847. Bootstrap sample size = 5000. PSU = problematic smartphone use.

Empirical 95% confidence interval does not overlap with zero.