Table 4.

Prevalence ratio (PR) estimates of association, quintiles of neighborhood disadvantage, and alcohol outcomes among Veterans Health Administration patients, pooled estimates

Neighborhood disadvantage quintiles,	Alcohol use PR [95% CI]	Severe alcohol use PR [95% CI]	Unhealthy HED PR [95% CI]	Unhealthy AUD PR [95% CI]	Alcohol-specific condition PR [95% CI]
Least disadvantaged ADI pctl. 1-20	reference	reference	reference	reference	reference
ADI pctl. 21-40	1.05 [1.04, 1.07]	1.12 [1.10, 1.14]	1.03 [1.02, 1.04]	1.07 [1.05, 1.09]	1.13 [1.09, 1.17]
ADI pctl. 41-60	1.09 [1.07, 1.10]	1.22 [1.19, 1.24]	1.06 [1.05, 1.07]	1.13 [1.11, 1.15]	1.19 [1.19, 1.28]
ADI pctl. 61-80	1.10 [1.09, 1.12]	1.29 [1.29, 1.31]	1.06 [1.05, 1.07]	1.20 [1.18, 1.22]	1.34 [1.30, 1.39]
ADI pctl. 81-100	1.14 [1.13, 1.16]	1.38 [1.35, 1.41]	1.09 [1.07, 1.10]	1.30 [1.28, 1.32]	1.49 [1.44, 1.54]

Notes: All comparisons were statistically significant (<.0001). Modified Poisson generalized estimating equations models adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, gender (electronic health record–defined sex), rurality, marital status, copay status, economic/housing hardship, state, year. CI = confidence interval; HED = heavy episodic drinking; AUD = alcohol use disorder; ADI = Area Deprivation Index; pctl. = percentile.