Fig. 3.

Subgroups of TET-interacting TFs. The TET-interacting TFs can be divided into TF1, TF2, and TF3 based on their binding affinity for 5mC, 5hmC, and 5C, respectively. TF1 can bind 5mC DNA and recruits TET to initiate the first step of DNA demethylation by converting 5mC to 5hmC. TF2 can bind to 5hmC promoters/enhancers to turn on gene expression by recruiting co-activators (CoA) or to further complete the DNA demethylation elements by recruiting TET–TDG–BER complexes. TF3 binds 5C promoters/enhancers to promote gene expression by recruiting CoA or regulating gene expression by recruiting TET-histone modifiers (HMs)