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. 2021 Jun 12;72:102363. doi: 10.1016/j.electstud.2021.102363

Table A5.

Estimated Effect of All-Mail Voting By Net Worth

$1–4999 $5000–9999 $10,000–24,999 $25,000–49,999 $50000-99999 $100,000–249,999 $250,000–499,999 $499,999+
All-Mail Voting 0.0998 0.0893 0.0931 0.0765 0.0745 0.0703 0.0645 0.0582
(0.0074) (0.0058) (0.0069) (0.0058) (0.0044) (0.0063) (0.0051) (0.0054)
Senate Spending 0.0255 0.0254 0.0219 0.0236 0.0172 0.0224 0.0217 0.0227
(0.0088) (0.0068) (0.006) (0.0059) (0.0051) (0.0065) (0.0072) (0.0074)
House Spending 0.0031 0.0022 0.0025 0.0024 0.0021 0.0035 0.0034 0.0027
(0.0032) (0.0027) (0.0033) (0.0024) (0.0022) (0.0017) (0.0016) (0.0014)
Gov. Election 0.0139 0.0117 0.0171 0.0192 0.0129 0.0274 0.0301 0.0297
(0.0091) (0.0102) (0.0093) (0.0082) (0.0064) (0.0071) (0.0086) (0.0081)
Individual Fixed Effects Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Cycle Fixed Effects Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Cluster State State State State State State State State
R2 0.4094 0.4161 0.4093 0.4073 0.4123 0.3889 0.3625 0.3469
R2-Within 0.0082 0.0066 0.0072 0.0051 0.005 0.0066 0.007 0.0066
N. of cases 459805 277289 409404 1141236 1636364 5011032 3604861 1512386

Note: OLS estimation with individual and cycle fixed effects, standard errors clustered on state.