Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population stratified for location workers, home workers, and hybrid workers (who worked both on location and from home) during the COVID-19 pandemic from March 2020 to January 2022 (n = 28,586).
|
Location workers (n = 13,489) |
Home workers
(n = 5,971) |
Hybrid workers (n = 9,126) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean/% | SD/n | Mean/% | SD/n | Mean/% | SD/n | |
| Age (in years) | 50.9 | 8.6 | 49.3* | 9.1 | 49.1
|
9.3 |
| Sex (% female) | 61.3 | 8,264 | 56.6* | 3,377 | 60.3 | 5,503 |
| Education level (%) | ||||||
| Low | 20.8 | 2,807 | 5.3* | 317 | 4.9
|
445 |
| Middle | 55.7 | 7,511 | 28.9* | 1,724 | 30.4
|
2,778 |
| High | 23.5 | 3,171 | 65.8* | 3,930 | 64.7
|
5,903 |
| Occupation (%) | ||||||
| High-skilled white-collar | 42.2 | 5,693 | 73.2* | 4,373 | 72.4
|
6,605 |
| Low-skilled white-collar | 34.2 | 4,607 | 23.2* | 1,388 | 22.3
|
2,039 |
| High-skilled blue-collar | 11.2 | 1,515 | 2.1* | 128 | 3.5
|
323 |
| Low-skilled blue-collar | 12.4 | 1,674 | 1.4* | 82 | 1.7
|
159 |
| General health (% excellent/(very) good) | 96.5 | 13,019 | 95.3* | 5,693 | 95.9
|
8,748 |
| ≥150 min of physical activity per week before COVID-19 pandemic (% yes) | 41.9 | 5,651 | 44.6* | 2,662 | 42.1 | 3,838 |
| Sitting >9 h per work day before COVID-19 pandemic (% yes)a | 12.1 | 913 | 43.3* | 1,274 | 30.4
|
1,902 |
*
Statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between home workers and location workers tested with independent-samples t-test and chi-square test.
Statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between hybrid workers and location workers tested with independent-samples t-test and chi-square test.
a
Among 7,573 locations workers, 2,943 home workers, and 6,264 hybrid workers.