Table 4.

Association of blood pressure variability measures with depressed alertness and depressed alertness-free days during the first 24 h after ICU Admission^a

BPV measure	Depressed alertnessb		Depressed alertness-free daysc
	OR (95% CI)	P value	OR (95% CI)	P value
Systolic
Range	1.03 (1.02–1.03)	< .001	0.99 (0.98–0.99)	< .001
SD	1.13 (1.10–1.15)	< .001	0.96 (0.93–0.99)	.007
ARV	1.06 (1.02–1.10)	.004	0.99 (0.94–1.04)	.65
Maximum Δ, ≤ 75 mm Hg	1.04 (1.03–1.04)	< .001	0.98 (0.98–0.99)	< .001
Diastolic
Range	1.01 (1.01–1.02)	< .001	0.99 (0.98–1.00)	.005
SD	1.03 (1.00–1.06)	.04	0.96 (0.92–1.00)	.07
ARV	0.92 (0.88–0.95)	< .001	0.99 (0.93–1.05)	.74
Maximum Δ	1.01 (1.01–1.02)	< .001	0.99 (0.98–1.00)	.01

ARV, average real variability; BPV, blood pressure variability; CI, confidence interval; ICU, intensive care unit; OR, odds ratio; SD, standard deviation

^aORs and corresponding 95% CI and P values were generated from multivariable logistic and proportional odds regression models accounting for multiple observations per patient by using generalized estimating equations with exchangeable correlation structure. Covariates are the same as those listed in Table 3. All ORs are reported per 5-mm Hg increase in BPV. The preserved cognition control group was used as a reference for comparisons

^bData were analyzed with multivariable logistic regression

^cData were analyzed with multivariable proportional odds regressions. ICU admissions of patients who did not have a positive Confusion Assessment Method of the Intensive Care Unit score but had a Glasgow Coma Scale score < 15 and/or Full Outline of UnResponsiveness score < 16 were included in this analysis