Table 3.
Estimated associations between OSA and AHI metabolite indices and their respective phenotypes, in HCHS/SOL and MESA.
| OSA | HCHS/SOL | MESA | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Both | Male | Female | Both | Male | Female | |||||||
| Predictors | OR* | p | OR | p | OR | p | OR | p | OR | p | OR | p |
| Model 1† | ||||||||||||
| OSA-Met index | 1.50 [1.30–1.74] | < 0.001 | 1.41 [1.17–1.70] | < 0.001 | 1.78 [1.47–2.14] | < 0.001 | 1.41 [1.13–1.77] | 0.003 | 1.17 [0.81–1.72] | 0.403 | 1.48 [1.11–2.00] | 0.009 |
| Male-specific OSA-Met index |
1.53 [1.27–1.83] |
< 0.001 | 1.24 [0.87–1.77] | 0.234 | ||||||||
| Female-specific OSA-Met index | 4.37 [2.73–7.01] | < 0.001 | 1.40 [1.04–1.90] | 0.029 | ||||||||
| Model 2‡ | ||||||||||||
| OSA-Met index | 1.53 [1.33–1.77] | < 0.001 | 1.44 [1.20–1.72] | < 0.001 | 1.86 [1.52–2.27] | < 0.001 | 1.39 [1.11–1.76] | 0.004 | 1.15 [0.78–1.69] | 0.476 | 1.46 [1.09–1.98] | 0.013 |
| Male-specific OSA-Met index | 1.55 [1.29–1.87] | < 0.001 | 1.23 [0.86–1.78] | 0.249 | ||||||||
| Female-specific OSA-Met index | 5.10 [3.15–8.27] | < 0.001 | 1.42 [1.05–1.94] | 0.024 | ||||||||
| Model 3§ | ||||||||||||
| OSA-Met index | 1.50 [1.21–1.85] | < 0.001 | 1.43 [1.09–1.88] | 0.011 | 1.89 [1.35–2.64] | < 0.001 | 1.55 [1.10–2.20] | 0.013 | 1.30 [0.74–2.30] | 0.365 | 1.71 [1.07–2.78] | 0.026 |
| Male-specific OSA-Met index | 1.56 [1.25–1.95] | < 0.001 | 1.18 [0.77–1.82] | 0.455 | ||||||||
| Female-specific OSA-Met index | 7.25 [3.89–13.52] | < 0.001 | 1.43 [0.98–2.11] | 0.069 | ||||||||
| AHI | HCHS/SOL | MESA | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Both | Male | Female | Both | Male | Female | |||||||
| Predictors | Estimates | p | Estimates | p | Estimates | p | Estimates | p | Estimates | p | Estimates | p |
| Model 1† | ||||||||||||
| AHI-Met Index | 2.12 [1.43–2.81] | < 0.001 | 2.39 [1.21–3.58] | < 0.001 | 1.47 [1.00–1.94] | < 0.001 | 1.45 [− 0.19–3.08] | 0.083 | − 1.59 [− 4.33–1.15] | 0.254 | 3.38 [1.42–5.33] | 0.001 |
| Male-specific AHI-Met Index | 3.22 [2.11–4.34] | < 0.001 | − 4.99 [-24.53–14.54] | 0.615 | ||||||||
| Female-specific AHI-Met Index | 1.69 [1.20–2.18] | < 0.001 | 2.08 [0.10–4.06] | 0.040 | ||||||||
| Model 2‡ | ||||||||||||
| AHI-Met Index | 2.12 [1.41–2.83] | < 0.001 | 2.41 [1.22–3.61] | < 0.001 | 1.49 [1.01–1.96] | < 0.001 | 1.42 [− 0.22–3.06] | 0.089 | − 1.55 [− 4.32–1.21] | 0.269 | 3.25 [1.30–5.21] | 0.001 |
| Male-specific AHI-Met Index | 3.23 [2.11–4.35] | < 0.001 | − 3.48 [− 23.25–16.3] | 0.729 | ||||||||
| Female-specific AHI-Met Index | 1.73 [1.24–2.23] | < 0.001 | 1.92 [− 0.07–3.91] | 0.058 | ||||||||
| Model 3§ | ||||||||||||
| AHI-Met Index | 1.73 [0.96–2.50] | < 0.001 | 2.14 [0.79–3.48] | 0.002 | 1.11 [0.64–1.58] | < 0.001 | 1.20 [− 0.56–2.96] | 0.181 | − 0.96 [− 3.96–2.03] | 0.527 | 2.65 [0.54–4.76] | 0.014 |
| Male-specific AHI-Met Index | 3.09 [1.93–4.26] | < 0.001 | − 0.78 [− 21.45–19.9] | 0.941 | ||||||||
| Female-specific AHI-Met Index | 1.35 [0.91–1.79] | < 0.001 | 1.55 [− 0.59–3.69] | 0.154 | ||||||||
*per 1 STD increase in metabolite index (Met Index).
†Model 1 adjusted for age, gender, BMI, study center, and Hispanic/Latino background in HCHS/SOL, and adjusted for age, gender, BMI, study site (site WFU and UCLA are combined due to low cell count), and race in MESA.
‡Model 2 adjusted for all covariates in model 1, in HCHS/SOL model 2 additionally adjusted for alcohol usage, smoking status, physical activity and diet; in MESA, model 2 additionally adjusted for alcohol usage and smoking status.
§Model 3 adjusted for all covariates in model 2, in HCHS/SOL, model 3 additionally adjusted for diabetes, hypertension, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, HDL, LDL, total cholesterol, triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure; in MESA, model 3 additionally adjusted for hypertension indicator, fasting glucose, HDL, LDL, cholesterol, triglycerides, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure.
Significant values are in bold.