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. 2022 Dec 16;13:7787. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-35430-y

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — a Relationship between dip depth and interfacial energy per molecule for PLL-HA undergoing LLPS (violet; magnesium chloride concentrations increase from dark to light color), GFP-HP1α/PEG (dark green: without ssDNA; light green: with ssDNA), DDX4-YFP/PEG (gold) and PEG-Rhodamine/dextran (cyan) measured in vitro. As a reference, free PLL in the 1-phase regime is shown (red). The error bars represent the standard error of the mean. Open circles represent dip depths obtained in live-cell experiments, following the same color code as in the panels below. Apparent interfacial energy per molecule, which serves as a proxy for the interfacial barrier (b), and apparent interfacial tension (c) calculated from the dip depth of CD*-YFP, DDX4-YFP, GFP-HP1α, NPM1-GFP, RGG-GFP-RGG and FUS-mCherry in living cells, using the calibration curve in panel a. Error bars represent the standard error of the mean. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.