Table 3.

Differences in severity of COVID-19 impact, by sector and value chain.

	Firms reporting considerable or severe impact on firm operations		Firms reporting stable or increased production
	Percentage	P	Percentage	P
All Firms	56.1%		25.3%
By sector
Processing	60.2%	0.061	52.7%	0.162
Crop farming	66.7%	0.023	18.3%	0.154
Livestock farming	54.0%	0.744	9.7%	0.199
Retail	65.9%	0.090	22.6%	0.501
Distribution	55.8%	0.920	46.2%	0.047
Business advisory services	45.7%	0.192	18.3%	0.001
Input provider	59.1%	0.773	5.4%	0.771
Aggregator	50.0%	0.480	10.8%	0.294
Wholesale, trading, export/import	66.7%	0.519	2.2%	0.828
Catering and food service	100.0%	0.005	2.2%	0.694
By value chain
Grains	55.7%	0.907	38.7%	0.482
Roots & Tubers	64.1%	0.159	20.4%	0.379
Nuts & seeds	54.4%	0.794	18.3%	0.053
Legumes	67.4%	0.089	17.2%	0.206
Meat & poultry	60.0%	0.553	15.1%	0.642
Fish	47.8%	0.123	9.7%	0.009
Dairy	66.7%	0.081	19.4%	0.239
Eggs	64.7%	0.184	16.1%	0.471
Vegetables	63.3%	0.053	34.4%	0.684
Fruit	55.4%	0.876	28.0%	0.457
Condiments, sweeteners, spices & oils	59.3%	0.734	8.6%	0.594
Beverages	50.0%	0.663	5.4%	0.186
Animal feed	50.0%	0.861	0.0%	0.409
Baked goods & other ready-to-eat foods	63.2%	0.526	6.5%	0.521

Note: p-value refers to the Pearson Chi-squared test statistic; values in bold have p < 0.10