Table 7.
Heterogeneous Effect of Flu on Wages: Heterogeneous Effects (Robustness).
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture | Builder | Stone-Cutter | Carpenter | Blacksmith | Metal | Painter | Tailor | Shoemaker | ||
| Panel A: Large cities | ||||||||||
| Excess Death | −10.18*** | −4.34 | −4.15 | −6.47* | −4.83** | −1.35 | −7.29** | −7.95*** | −9.27* | |
| Ratect | (2.45) | (2.25) | (3.62) | (3.41) | (1.93) | (2.43) | (2.51) | (2.59) | (4.99) | |
| Excess Death | −3.04 | −1.26 | 1.45 | 1.26 | −5.91*** | −6.70** | −1.69 | −8.51** | −7.66** | |
| Ratect * Urbc | (3.13) | (1.20) | (1.33) | (1.52) | (1.80) | (2.59) | (1.89) | (2.99) | (3.33) | |
| Lag Real Wagect | −0.61*** (0.08) | −0.55*** (0.07) | −0.52*** (0.06) | −0.51*** (0.07) | −0.52*** (0.08) | −0.46*** (0.06) | −0.45*** (0.07) | −0.45*** (0.06) | −0.53*** (0.09) | |
| Panel B: Large cities(2) | ||||||||||
| Excess Death | −8.49*** | −3.87 | −4.25 | −6.84* | −3.62* | 1.24 | −6.41** | −8.30*** | −8.74 | |
| Ratect | (2.73) | (2.36) | (3.77) | (3.46) | (1.89) | (2.93) | (2.52) | (2.26) | (5.01) | |
| Excess Death | −7.19** | −2.37* | 1.63 | 2.12 | −8.68*** | −12.65*** | −3.84** | −7.08** | −8.56*** | |
| Ratect ∗UrbDensc | (2.94) | (1.24) | (1.57) | (1.42) | (1.69) | (2.55) | (1.65) | (2.86) | (2.58) | |
| Lag Real Wagect | −0.61*** (0.08) | −0.55*** (0.07) | −0.52*** (0.06) | −0.51*** (0.07) | −0.51*** (0.08) | −0.47*** (0.06) | −0.45*** (0.07) | −0.44*** (0.06) | −0.53*** (0.09) | |
| Pro. Fixed Effects | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | |
| Year Fixed Effects | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | |
| Observations | 720 | 720 | 720 | 720 | 720 | 720 | 720 | 720 | 720 | |
Notes: Dependent variable is annual growth rate of real wage for province and year. Excess Death Rate is difference between actual number of death and predicted by linear regression (normalized by population). Urb is share of the population living in municipalities with more than 25,000 inhabitants. Urb Dens is a modified version of Urb that takes into account population density to better capture the demand-driven interpretation. In particular, Zaragoza, Badajoz and Cordoba are reclassified as non-urbanized, given their low populated and mostly poor population. Similarly, Pontevedra and Orense are reclassified as urbanized, given their large population density. The table reports fixed effects regressions weighted by population. Standard errors are clustered at the year level. * p < 0.10, ** p < 0.05, *** p < 0.01.