Table 3.
Effects of phone calls on knowledge and PHQ-4.
| Knowledge | PHQ-4 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) |
| Phone Call | 0.12 (0.06) |
0.11 (0.07) |
0.10 (0.07) | 0.06 (0.07) |
−0.46 (0.16) |
−0.49 (0.17) |
-0.49 (0.16) | −0.48 (0.20) |
| Knowledge (Bl) | 0.50 (0.03) |
0.50 (0.04) |
0.47 (0.04) | 0.49 (0.04) |
||||
| PHQ-4 (Bl) | 0.53 (0.04) |
0.53 (0.04) |
0.51 (0.04) | 0.49 (0.04) |
||||
| Surveyor (Bl) FE | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Surveyor (El) FE | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Trial Round FE | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| IPW | ✓ |
✓ | ✓ |
✓ |
✓ | ✓ |
||
| Control Variables | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||
| Information Delivery | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
| Observations | 739 | 735 | 735 | 573 | 737 | 733 | 733 | 573 |
| Adjusted R2 | 0.33 | 0.34 | 0.36 | 0.37 | 0.37 | 0.36 | 0.38 | 0.37 |
| Mean of Outcome (Bl) | −0.00 | 3.00 | ||||||
The table reports results of Least Squares regressions estimating variants of Model (1). Bl means baseline, El means endline, FE means fixed effects, and IPW means inverse probability weights. Control variables include gender, age, employment status, indicator for hostel residence, numeracy, short-term memory, smartphone ownership, and indicator for having education above grade 10. Information delivery refers to two variables defined only for phone calls and pre-recorded audio: one that counts the paragraphs of information delivered before the participant disconnected and another that indicates whether the participant opted to have the information repeated. Regressions controlling for information delivery exclude individuals assigned to text messages. Standard errors are robust to heteroskedasticity.