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. 2022 Dec 17;246:109209. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109209

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© 2022 The Author(s)

Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

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Fig. 5 — Clonal dynamics of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells.

(A) Stacked barplot showing the percentage of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4⁺ (upper) and CD8⁺ (lower) clonotypes that are unique at the Acute (red) or Convalescent (blue) phase of infection or present in both (green) for each subject. Longitudinal clonotypes that are present in both acute and convalescent phases were more common in non-ICU adults than children.

(B) Graph showing the percentage of CD4⁺ (upper) and CD8⁺ (lower) longitudinal clonotypes that are detected at both the Acute and Convalescent phase of infection. Longitudinal clonotypes were more common in CD8⁺ than CD4⁺ T cells.

(C) Counts for CD4⁺ (left) and CD8⁺ (right) clonotypes coloured by whether their cell state remains the same (grey) or changes to a different cell type (purple) between the Acute and Convalescent phases.

(D) Top 8 cell type distributions for CD4⁺ (left) and CD8⁺ (right) longitudinal clonotypes for children, non-ICU adults, and ICU adults. The barplots indicate the number of clonotypes with the cell type distribution pattern depicted below each bar where a filled circle indicates that the cell type on the y-axis is present. Distributions are coloured to indicate whether they represent transitions from naïve to antigen-experienced (green), transitions between antigen-experienced compartments (blue) or are the same cell type across the two timepoints (grey).

(E) Clonotype counts for SARS-CoV-2-annotated clonotypes for all donors for the CD4⁺ (upper) and CD8⁺ (lower) compartments coloured by whether the clonotype was unique (light brown) or expanded (light blue) at either the Acute (left) or Convalescent (right) phase.

(F) Clonotype counts for longitudinal SARS-CoV-2-annotated CD4⁺ (left) and CD8⁺ (right) T cells for the subset of donors that harbor them. Clonotypes are grouped and coloured by whether they have the same cell type at both timepoints (grey) or altered their cell types between Acute and Convalescent phases (dark blue). (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)