Table 3.

Means Ranking of Communication Before and During COVID-19 Measures (the lower the number the more frequently used).

	Before COVID-19 measures		During COVID-19 measures
	M	SD	M	SD	p
Telephone	2.28	0.83	1.97	0.92	0.000***
Video calling	3.33	1.88	2.59	1.56	0.001**
WhatsApp or text messages	2.75	0.96	2.58	1.01	0.048*
E-mail	3.58	1.16	3.74	1.42	0.230
Face to face conversations	1.54	1.28	2.22	1.70	0.000***
By means of a family member	3.60	1.68	3.60	1.69	1.000
No personal contact	4.85	2.35	4.52	2.50	0.078

Note: * p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001.