Table 2.
Variables’ descriptions.
| Indicator | Definition | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Employment | Number of employed persons (total) | World Development Indicators (WDI, 2019) |
| Capital | Gross Fixed Capital Formation (constant LCU) | World Development Indicators (WDI, 2019) |
| Urbanization | Urban population (% of total population) | World Development Indicators (WDI, 2019) |
| Innovation | Number of patents (all technology domains) (total) | OECD Patent Statistics (2020) |
| Trade Openness | Share of exports and imports (% of GDP) | World Development Indicators (WDI, 2019) |
| Human Capital (proxied by the Human Development Index) | Assessing country's development from health, education, and income (index) | United Nations Development Programme (UNDP, 2020) |
| Logistics Performance | Overall Logistics Performance Index (LPI) (from 1 = low to 5 = high) | World Development Indicators (WDI, 2019) |
| GDP | GDP (constant LCU) | World Development Indicators (WDI, 2019) |
| CO2 emissions | CO2 emissions from fuel combustion (thousand tons) | IEA CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion Statistics (2019) |
Source: our elaborations.