Table 1.
Descriptive statistics of the county-level variables used in this research.
| Mean | Standard Deviation | Min | Max | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Monthly mobility level (km) | ||||
| March | 7.281 | 4.420 | 0.353 | 33.940 |
| April | 3.955 | 3.236 | 0.017 | 28.939 |
| May | 6.794 | 4.124 | 0.025 | 30.328 |
| June | 8.920 | 4.713 | 0.157 | 42.625 |
| July | 8.889 | 4.565 | 0.300 | 43.226 |
| August | 8.487 | 4.526 | 0.525 | 40.376 |
| September | 8.741 | 4.567 | 0.622 | 41.501 |
| Covariates | ||||
| Democrats (2020 Presidential Election) | 0.182a | 0.386 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| % Below-Poverty | 15.750 | 6.142 | 2.300 | 48.600 |
| Population Density (people/km2) | 119.350 | 743.497 | 0.098 | 27,750.761 |
| COVID-19 severity (Wave 1) | 0.006 | 0.008 | 0.000 | 0.132 |
| COVID-19 severity (Wave 2) | 0.017 | 0.012 | 0.000 | 0.146 |
| State Restriction (Wave 1)b | 53.730 | 7.161 | 33.662 | 69.845 |
| State Restriction (Wave 2)b | 48.008 | 9.794 | 19.058 | 78.535 |
Notes: n = 2639; Wave 1: March to June; Wave 2: June to September.
a
Note that although the Democratic candidate won the 2020 Presidential Election, this number is lower than one's expectation because the number of counties (e.g., low-dense rural counties) that voted for the Republican candidate is higher than the number of counties (e.g., high-dense urban counties) that voted for the Democratic candidate.
b
A higher score indicates that the state in questions implemented stricter mobility restriction policies.