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. 2021 Apr 16;208:105575. doi: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2021.105575
Variables analyzed Practices and actions proposed Countrie/source
Equipment and facilities
  • 1

    Use of wooden structures to enclose family groups.

 Sigar, Galicia, Spain
Xavi (2020)
  • 2

    Booths on beaches used to store belongings and change wet swimsuits.

 Spain
(https://elpais.com)
  • 3

    Design of plastic cubicles as isolation modes on beaches and in restaurants.

 Italy
(www.elcorreo.com)
  • 4

    Prohibition of use of umbrellas without pole.

  • 5

    Location of umbrellas 15 feet apart.

 Island “Padre Sur” and Island “Mujeres”, Mexico
www.telemundo51.com
  • 6

    Arrangement of umbrellas using vertical signage dividing the beach into grids each 4 m.

 Chipiona, Cádiz Spain
(Garófano, 2020)
Biosafety and hygiene measures
  • 7

    Monitoring of water quality in bathing zones of the beaches

 Portugal
APA (2020)
  • 8

    Fines of up to 500,000 Mexican pesos for those who violate physical distancing between umbrellas.

 Island “Padre Sur” and Island “Mujeres”, Mexico
www.telemundo51.com
  • 9

    Swab tests for beach access.

 Mar del Plata, Argentina
La Capital (2020)
  • 10

    Obligatory use of masks on beaches and in resorts.

 Chile, Cuba island; Colombia
(www.cooperativa.cl; Granma (2020); (Resolución 1538 del 2020)
  • 11

    Lack of protocols for restricting load capacity on beaches.

 Bournemouth, UK
Noticias (2020)
  • 12

    Inadequate waste management on uninhabited islands.

 Soko Archipelago (El Cacho, 2020)
www.lavanguardia.com/
  • 13

    Biosecurity measures and protocols for the defence of the territory and visitor safety.

 Barú island, Colombia
www.eltiempo.com
  • 14

    Participatory processes to fulfil the right of native communities to make use of organized and sustainable tourism.

 Island “Grande”, Colombia
www.eltiempo.com
  • 15

    Restrictive measures for access to the island and its beaches

 Island Anguila, in the Caribben Region
www.elpais.com.uy/
  • 16

    Reinforcement with a greater number of lifeguards.

  • 17

    Distance of at least six feet, both in and out of the water.

  • 18

    Reinforcement of organizational and hygienic-sanitary measures.

 Cuba island (Granma, 2020)
Reorganization of spaces
  • 19

    New spaces on the beach only for vulnerable populations (older adults).

 Benidorm, Spain
www.visitbenidorm.es/ver/5668.html
  • 20

    Sale of the kit to build anti-coronavirus plots on the beach.

 Gandia town hall, Valencia, Spain
(https://www.antena3.com)
  • 21

    Private beach clubs.

 Bondi beach, Australia (The Sidney morning Herald, 2020) (Gorrey, 2020)
  • 22

    Reservation of plots through web platforms in physical points enabled for them.

 Beaches “Levante” and “Poniente”, Spain
(www.benidormbeachsafety.es)
  • 23

    Parking access to beach areas in Covid-19.

  • 24

    Pedestrian movements, promenade, to keep distances in different areas of the beach.

 Portugal
APA (2020)
  • 25

    Vendors located in the front row of the beach.

 Mujeres island, Mexico www.telemundo51.com
  • 26

    Reorganization of umbrellas calculated according to average tide.

  • 27

    Location of plots calculated in a space suitable for a family of no more than four or five people.

 Chipiona, Cádiz Spain
(Garófano, 2020)
Beach access
  • 28

    Free Access to the beach by taking the footbridge that crosses the dunes.

 Varadero, Cuba.
(MondoBalneare.com)
  • 29

    Access to beaches considering ID numbers.

 DIMAR, Colombia, (Zuñiga 2020).
(https://www.eltiempo.com/colombia/barranquilla/
  • 30

    Ways of restricting access to the beach based on schedules.

 (Resolución 1538 del 2020) Colombia
www.telemundo51.com Mexico
  • 31

    Access to the beach is restricted with a cord or rope.

 (Resolución 1538 del 2020) Colombia
  • 32

    New accesses to the beach enabled for the elderly on sand with a green colour.

 Benidorm, Spain
www.visitbenidorm.es/ver/5668/.html
Level of occupancy and beach monitoring
  • 33

    Automatic video vigilance to control beach capacity.

 Town councils of Spain (Muñoz, 2020)
El País (https://elpais.com/)
  • 34

    App Info Praia. Beach occupancy status in the current context of COVID-19.

  • 35

    Present six other different utilities.

 Portugal and the Autonomous Regions (APA, 2020)
(Info Praia, 2020a.b.)
  • 36

    App SandSpace. Includes a georeferencing system of 580 oceanic and river beaches.

 Portugal, Island “Madeira” and “Azores”
(https://play.google.com/store/apps/)
  • 37

    App “Nik Hondartzak” to control capacity.

 Beaches of Gipuzkoa, Spain
(Medio ambiente 2020 a,b.)
  • 38

    Zoning the sunbathing and relaxation areas of the beach using a traffic light map and according to the height of the tides.

 Beaches of Chipiona
https://m.facebook.com/playaschipiona/photos/
  • 39

    Delimitation is complemented by a notification service through QR codes that inform of occupancy levels for the different sectors of the beach.

 Chipiona, Cádiz Spain
(Garófano, 2020)
  • 40

    Monitoring of ocean beaches through the Mar à Vista Network.

  • 41

    Participatory observation through the Vicon SAGA application.

 Beaches of the municipalities of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Vicon SAGA mobile, 2020; Mar à Vista, 2020)
Signage
  • 42

    Use of traffic lights.

 Department of the Environment Provincial Council of Gipuzkoa in collaboration with Azti (Medio ambiente, 2020b, Medio ambiente, 2020a.)
  • 43

    Norms for the use of beaches covid-19/Orange traffic light.

 Rosarito municipality, Mexico
(IMPLAN, 2020).