Table 2.
Food groups | All countries | Southern Mediterranean region |
Balkan Mediterranean region |
Non-Mediterranean region |
|||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Greece |
Italy |
Portugal |
Spain |
Turkey |
Bosnia |
Croatia |
N. Macedonia |
Slovenia |
Montenegro |
Denmark |
Germany |
Ireland |
Lithuania |
Poland |
Serbia |
||
n = 36185 | n = 1488 | n = 1411 | n = 1308 | n = 7514 | n = 2733 | n = 1507 | n = 4281 | n = 1057 | n = 2648 | n = 1655 | n = 2462 | n = 827 | n = 714 | n = 2447 | n = 1927 | n = 2206 | |
MedDiet confinement, mean (SD) a b | 6.15 (2.06) | 6.88 (1.77) | 6.70 (1.62) | 7.34 (1.95) | 7.18 (1.84) | 5.70 (1.89) | 5.46 (2.09) | 5.85 (2.04) | 5.90 (2.09) | 6.08 (1.80) | 5.59 (2.13) | 5.45 (2.09) | 5.91 (1.90) | 5.82 (2.18) | 5.13 (1.88) | 5.99 (2.01) | 5.58 (1.98) |
MedDiet confinement levels a b | |||||||||||||||||
Low | 13,673 (37.8%) | 309 (20.8%) | 301 (21.3%) | 207 (15.8%) | 1320 (17.6%) | 1286 (47.1%) | 787 (52.2%) | 1892 (44.2%) | 468 (44.3%) | 971 (36.7%) | 844 (51.0%) | 1250 (50.8%) | 347 (42.0%) | 327 (45.8%) | 1466 (59.9%) | 789 (40.9%) | 1109 (50.3%) |
Medium | 17,914 (49.5%) | 935 (62.8%) | 926 (65.6%) | 743 (56.8%) | 4410 (58.7%) | 1258 (46.0%) | 606 (40.2%) | 1956 (45.7%) | 475 (44.9%) | 1459 (55.1%) | 659 (39.8%) | 1043 (42.4%) | 412 (49.8%) | 304 (42.6%) | 869 (35.5%) | 929 (48.2%) | 930 (42.2%) |
High | 4598 (12.7%) | 244 (16.4%) | 184 (13.0%) | 358 (27.4%) | 1784 (23.7%) | 189 (6.92%) | 114 (7.56%) | 433 (10.1%) | 114 (10.8%) | 218 (8.23%) | 152 (9.18%) | 169 (6.86%) | 68 (8.22%) | 83 (11.6%) | 112 (4.58%) | 209 (10.8%) | 167 (7.57%) |
MedDiet before, mean (SD) a b | 5.23 (2.06) | 5.58 (1.75) | 5.81 (1.65) | 6.37 (2.00) | 6.37 (1.94) | 4.52 (1.83) | 4.45 (1.97) | 5.02 (1.97) | 4.46 (1.99) | 5.23 (1.84) | 4.47 (2.00) | 4.92 (2.05) | 4.96 (1.78) | 4.88 (2.01) | 4.41 (1.86) | 5.11 (2.05) | 4.49 (1.94) |
MedDiet before levels a b | |||||||||||||||||
Low | 20,546 (56.8%) | 741 (49.8%) | 643 (45.6%) | 435 (33.3%) | 2588 (34.4%) | 1950 (71.4%) | 1074 (71.3%) | 2657 (62.1%) | 760 (71.9%) | 1507 (56.9%) | 1179 (71.2%) | 1508 (61.3%) | 509 (61.5%) | 465 (65.1%) | 1816 (74.2%) | 1123 (58.3%) | 1591 (72.1%) |
Medium | 13,381 (37.0%) | 678 (45.6%) | 689 (48.8%) | 687 (52.5%) | 3875 (51.6%) | 728 (26.6%) | 388 (25.7%) | 1418 (33.1%) | 263 (24.9%) | 1036 (39.1%) | 426 (25.7%) | 851 (34.6%) | 300 (36.3%) | 211 (29.6%) | 583 (23.8%) | 692 (35.9%) | 556 (25.2%) |
High | 2258 (6.24%) | 69 (4.64%) | 79 (5.60%) | 186 (14.2%) | 1051 (14.0%) | 55 (2.01%) | 45 (2.99%) | 206 (4.81%) | 34 (3.22%) | 105 (3.97%) | 50 (3.02%) | 103 (4.18%) | 18 (2.18%) | 38 (5.32%) | 48 (1.96%) | 112 (5.81%) | 59 (2.67%) |
Change in MedDiet a b | |||||||||||||||||
Yes | 18,468 (51.0%) | 971 (65.3%) | 754 (53.4%) | 682 (52.1%) | 3392 (45.1%) | 1795 (65.7%) | 796 (52.8%) | 2024 (47.3%) | 702 (66.4%) | 1296 (48.9%) | 948 (57.3%) | 868 (35.3%) | 544 (65.8%) | 375 (52.5%) | 1061 (43.4%) | 961 (49.9%) | 1300 (58.9%) |
No | 17,715 (49.0%) | 517 (34.7%) | 657 (46.6%) | 626 (47.9%) | 4122 (54.9%) | 938 (34.3%) | 711 (47.2%) | 2257 (52.7%) | 355 (33.6%) | 1352 (51.1%) | 707 (42.7%) | 1594 (64.7%) | 283 (34.2%) | 339 (47.5%) | 1386 (56.6%) | 966 (50.1%) | 906 (41.1%) |
Difference in MedDiet, mean (SD) a b | 0.91 (1.15) | 1.29 (1.29) | 0.90 (1.08) | 0.97 (1.23) | 0.81 (1.12) | 1.18 (1.13) | 1.00 (1.24) | 0.84 (1.12) | 1.45 (1.42) | 0.86 (1.02) | 1.12 (1.28) | 0.53 (0.86) | 0.95 (0.93) | 0.95 (1.15) | 0.71 (1.01) | 0.88 (1.12) | 1.10 (1.20) |
Data are n (%) unless otherwise indicated; SD in the case of MedDiet scale or difference.
The adherence to the MedDiet/MEDAS before confinement was estimated using the data on the changes in dietary intake during the confinement compared to the participants’ usual intake.
a significance across countries within the specified region (p-value: <0.001).
b significance across all countries (p-value: <0.001).