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Schematic of (a) a conventional LFA strip and (b) the SERS-based LFA strip. Only one red band is observed in the control zone in the absence of the target antigen (negative), whereas two red bands appear in the presence of the target antigen (positive). Using the SERS-based LFA strip, highly sensitive quantification of target analytes is possible by monitoring the SERS peak intensity. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [96]. Copyright 2016 Royal Society of Chemistry.
