Table 2.
Definition of the landmarks used in the study.
| LM | Definition |
|---|---|
| Endocanthion (2—dx, 3—sin) | The inner point of the eye fissure at the junction of the eyelids |
| Exocanthion (1—dx, 4—sin) | The outer point of the eye fissure at the junction of the eyelids |
| Palpebrale superius (12—dx, 14—sin) | Point in the middle of the upper line of the eye |
| Palpebrale inferius (13—dx, 15—sin) | Point in the middle of the lower line of the eye |
| Nasion (5) | Point in the medial plane of the deepest concavity on the nasolabial suture |
| Pronasale (6) | Most anterior midline point on the nose tip |
| Alare (10—dx, 11—sin) | The most lateral point on each alar contour |
| Subnasale (16) | The most inferior point of the nose in the medial plane between columella and upper lip |
| Chelion (7—dx, 8—sin) | The point on the outer edge of the mouth where the lower vermilions meet at the outer corner of the mouth |
| Labiale superius (17) | Midpoint of upper vermilion line |
| Labiale inferius (18) | Midpoint of lower vermilion line |
| Pogonion (9) | The most protruding midpoint on the edge of the protuberantia menti on the anterior surface of the chin |
| Zygion (19—dx, 20—sin) | The most laterally located part of the zygomatic arch |