Table 2.
Clinical outcomes of gastric ESD before propensity score matching (PSM)
| Variable | ORB-ESD (n = 43) | Conventional ESD (n = 75) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Procedure time, min, (IQR) | 40 (30.0–57.5) | 44.0 (35.0–61.0) | 0.150W |
| Median dissection speed, mm2/min (IQR) | 22.6 (16.4–30.4) | 12.6 (7.8–17.1) | < 0.001W |
| Muscular injury, n (%) | 0.323F | ||
| Yes | 2 (5) | 8 (11) | |
| No | 41 (95) | 67 (89) | |
| Hemostasis frequency | 0.259W | ||
| Mean (SD) | 2.35 (2.52) | 1.85 (2.23) | |
| Median (range) | 2 (0.0–3.5) | 2 (0.0–3.0) | |
| Time to hemostasis, min | 0.311W | ||
| Mean (SD) | 2.47 (2.66) | 2.36 (3.22) | |
| Median (range) | 2 (0–4) | 0 (0–5) | |
| ORB-related factors | |||
| Mean ORB attachment time, min (SD) | 2.39 (1.67) | NA | NA |
| ORB clip slip-off, n (%) | 2 (5) | NA | NA |
| ORB clip-related damage to specimen, n (%) | 0 (0) | NA | NA |
| Successful removal of anchor clip, n (%) | 43 (100) | NA | NA |
| Complete resection, n (%) | 43 (100) | 75 (100) | 1.000F |
| R0 resection, n (%) | 41 (95.3) | 74 (98.7) | 0.553F |
| Horizontal margin positive, n (%) | 42 (97.7) | 75 (100) | 0.364F |
| Vertical margin positive, n (%) | 42 (97.7) | 74 (98.7) | 1.000F |
| Delayed bleeding, n (%) | 1 (2.3) | 3 (4.0) | 1.000F |
| Perforation, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA |
| Tumor depth, n (%) | 0.898F | ||
| pT1a | 39 (91) | 66 (88) | |
| pT1b1 | 1 (2) | 4 (5) | |
| pT1b2 | 3 (7) | 5 (7) |
ESD endoscopic submucosal dissection, ORB orthodontic rubber band, NA not applicable, IQR interquartile range; SD, standard deviation
pT1a, intramucosal cancer; pT1b1, submucosal invasive cancer with invasion depth ≤ 500 µm; pT1b2, submucosal invasive cancer with invasion depth > 500 µm
WMann–Whitney U test
FFisher’s exact test