Table A6.
Event History Analysis of the Issuance of Stay-at-home Orders (Alternative Measures for Governing Demands that Captured the Severity of the Spread).
Variables | (1) | (2) | (3) |
---|---|---|---|
Population | 0.042 | 0.029 | −0.008 |
(0.918) | (0.945) | (0.985) | |
Urbanization | 0.053 | 0.054 | 0.003 |
(0.847) | (0.821) | (0.992) | |
Population density | 0.320 | 0.023 | 0.332 |
(0.666) | (0.963) | (0.635) | |
Airport activity | 0.175 | 0.261 | 0.193 |
(0.727) | (0.525) | (0.705) | |
GSP | −0.422 | −0.447 | −0.505 |
(0.289) | (0.200) | (0.209) | |
Income inequality | 0.308 | 0.337 | 0.369 |
(0.310) | (0.232) | (0.207) | |
No. of physicians | −0.067 | 0.210 | −0.023 |
(0.897) | (0.565) | (0.958) | |
Hospital bed utilization | 0.311 | 0.482 | 0.423 |
(0.508) | (0.138) | (0.464) | |
Presidential swing state | −1.729 | −1.341 | −1.762 |
(0.002) | (0.013) | (0.001) | |
Facing reelection | −0.024 | −0.145 | −0.634 |
(0.971) | (0.826) | (0.364) | |
Term limits | 1.336 | 0.950 | 1.392 |
(0.015) | (0.074) | (0.016) | |
Went Republican | −1.215 | −1.372 | −1.093 |
(0.009) | (0.002) | (0.028) | |
Female | −0.458 | −0.392 | −0.466 |
(0.412) | (0.432) | (0.396) | |
Governor age | −0.394 | −0.243 | −0.514 |
(0.075) | (0.278) | (0.026) | |
Governing discretion | −1.497 | −1.394 | −1.554 |
(0.011) | (0.006) | (0.011) | |
Governing demands | −1.183 | −0.746 | −1.458 |
(0.198) | (0.681) | (0.272) | |
Democratic governor | 2.192 | 1.568 | 2.766 |
(0.000) | (0.002) | (0.000) | |
Democratic governor × | 2.230 | 3.281 | 3.005 |
Governing demands | (0.019) | (0.119) | (0.017) |
Constant | −17.761 | −15.887 | −17.979 |
(0.000) | (0.000) | (0.000) | |
Observations | 993 | 993 | 993 |
Note: Model 1 measures governing demands using positive cases, Model 2 measures governing demands using the test positivity rate, and Model 3 measures governing demands using the pandemic severity composite measure. The models provide weighted estimates using inverse-probability weights. The models are specified with robust standard errors clustered by state. Exact p-values in parentheses.