Table 2.
Comparison of time spent by all operators (n = 33), between the different bracket systems
| Treatment stage | Operation | Levene statistic (p‐value) | F a | p‐Value | Post hoc comparisonb | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active SLB versus passive SLB | Active SLB versus CB elastomeric ligatures | Active SLB versus CB metallic ligatures | Passive SLB versus CB elastomeric ligatures | Passive SLB versus CB metallic ligatures | CB elastomeric ligatures versus CB metallic ligatures | |||||
| T0 | Archwire insertion | .434 | 1.25 | .295 | 10.2 (0.563) | 0.5 (1.000) | 4.2 (0.949) | 10.8 (0.519) | 14.5 (0.258) | 3.7 (0.965) |
| Ligation/closure | <.001 | 85.87** | <.001 | 19.0** (0.001) | −252.7** (<0.001) | −464.8** (<0.001) | −271.6** (<0.001) | −483.8** (<0.001) | −212.1** (<0.001) | |
| Deligation/opening | <.001 | 67.65** | <.001 | 20.6** (<0.001) | −32.6** (<0.001) | −152.3** (<0.001) | −53.2** (<0.001) | −172.9** (<0.001) | −119.7** (<0.001) | |
| Archwire removal | .003 | 0.62 | .602 | 0.5 (0.965) | 0.6 (0.948) | −3.1 (0.694) | 0.1 (1.000) | 3.6 (0.588) | −3.7 (0.570) | |
| Total time | .021 | 75.88** | <.001 | 29.8 (0.148) | −284.1** (<0.001) | −615.9** (<0.001) | −314.0** (<0.001) | −645.8** (<0.001) | −331.8** (<0.001) | |
| T1 | Archwire insertion | .006 | 6.77** | <.001 | 12.5 (0.432) | 30.1** (0.002) | 25.4* (0.036) | 17.6* (0.014) | 12.5 (0.330) | −4.7 (0.902) |
| Ligation/closure | <.001 | 74.91** | <.001 | 16.7 (0.119) | −223.8** (<0.001) | −441.1** (<0.001) | −240.5** (<0.001) | −457.8** (<0.001) | −217.2** (<0.001) | |
| Deligation/opening | <.001 | 40.27** | <.001 | 21.1* (0.020) | −23.8 (0.051) | −139.0** (<0.001) | −44.9** (<0.001) | −160.1** (<0.001) | −115.2** (<0.001) | |
| Archwire removal | .355 | 4.38** | .006 | 7.27* (0.023) | 8.39** (0.006) | 5.45 (0.138) | 1.1 (0.970) | −1.8 (0.888) | −2.9 (0.648) | |
| Total time | <.001 | 58.34** | <.001 | 57.6** (0.003) | −209.1** (<0.001) | −549.2** (<0.001) | −266.7** (<0.001) | −606.8** (<0.001) | −340.1** (<0.001) | |
Note: One‐way ANOVA and post hoc tests.
Abbreviations: ANOVA, analysis of variance; CB, conventional bracket; HSD, honestly significant difference; SLB, self‐ligating bracket.
a
If the assumption of homogeneity of variances was not respected, the data shown are from Welch ANOVA.
b
Mean difference expressed in seconds (p‐value) from the Tukey HSD test or Games–Howell test depending on the homogeneity of variances.
*
Statistically significant with p < .05.
**
Statistically significant with p < .01.