Table 1.

Brief characterization of the parties involved: BeeVeryCreative, LUGGit and EMBERS.

Entity	Description
BeeVeryCreative (Personalized Manufacturing)	BeeVeryCreative was the first Portuguese company to build a 3D printer. The company sells printers and pieces to other manufacturers. The mindset has always been and continues to be the open-source and close collaboration between the various players in the market. The strategy is varied. The ability to develop new printers has been put at the service of innovation projects in which the main concern is not economic viability, but rather the disruption in a given sector with patenting and creating intellectual property. This also comes with the willingness to openly dispose of IPs at the service of the community. BeeVeryCreative started with the home-user segment, education and third-party manufacturers. In recent years, they have entered in the industry and space (with projects for the International Space Station) markets. Furthermore, the company is currently carrying out a project for skin printing (the largest and most personalized organ) with a very interesting survival rate of living cells.
LUGGit (Personalized Logistics)	LUGGit's vision is to allow everyone to travel without carrying their luggage. Moreover, LUGGit is a platform that allows anyone to request a Keeper (driver) in real-time to pick up their luggage and deliver it at the place and time they choose. Through a revenue-sharing model (the drivers act as service providers) the service can be performed in real-time or be scheduled (in advance). Unlike other carriers, LUGGit's algorithm has the premise of setting the exact time on which the client wants the delivery to happen. The optimization rule is always according to the chosen delivery time and not according to the location of the delivery. The operators at LUGGit are entities that have drivers, vehicles and storage warehouses. They can perform multiple collections, store for the desired time and deliver at the time the client wishes.
EMBERS (Aggregated Platform)	EMBERS was an EU-funded project under the Horizon 2020 program, which developed an aggregated, harmonized, standardized open-data mobility platform where everyone could access the city's data and their mobility services from different operators. Through a Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) model, the information about existing mobility services was aggregated and made available to citizens. This way, users could move smoothly from point A (start) to point B (end), without the discomfort of having to buy tickets from multiple vendors, wait in queues, or visit various platforms to coordinate transportation. EMBERS goal was to help cities break existing silos (proprietary solutions). EMBERS was responsible for aggregating mobility-related data, including parks and parking spaces, maps, route generators, points of interest, traffic, which would serve as the basis for third-party applications.