Table 3.
Univariate analysis of healthcare system distrust (n = 150).
| Simple linear regression analysis | ||
|---|---|---|
| Predictor | β (95% CI) | P valuea |
| Age (years) | −0.010 (−0.017; −0.003) | 0.03 |
| Sex | ||
| Female | 1 (reference)b | |
| Male | −0.171 (–4.465; 0.124) | 0.254 |
| Race and ethnicityc | ||
| Hispanic or Latino | 1 (reference) | |
| African American or Black | 0.029 (−0.278; 0.336) | 0.852 |
| White | −0.266 (−0.598; 0.067) | 0.117 |
| Educationd | ||
| College and more | 1 (reference) | |
| High school or GED | −0.135(−0.413; 0.142) | 0.337 |
| Some college (1–3 years) | 0.015 (−0.235; 0.266) | 0.903 |
| Incomee | ||
| ⩾$100,000 | 1 (reference) | |
| <$20,000 | −0.010 (−0.374; 0.354) | 0.956 |
| ⩾$20,000 but <$40,000 | 0.100 (−0.269; 0.469) | 0.593 |
| ⩾$40,000 but <$60,000 | 0.074 (−0.281; 0.430) | 0.680 |
| ⩾$60,000 but <$100,000 | −0.172 (−0.614; 0.270) | 0.442 |
| Presence of mental health disorderf | ||
| Yes | 1 (reference) | |
| No | −0.261 (−0.466; −0.56) | 0.013 |
| Overall health status | 0.206 (0.098; 0.315) | <0.001 |
| Health literacy | ||
| Inadequate | 1 (reference) | |
| Adequate | −0.029 (−0.304; 0.246) | 0.834 |
| CAHPS Access to Care Questions | ||
| How often was it easy to get an appointment with a doctor? | −0.239 (−0.337; −0.141) | <0.001 |
| How often was it easy to get the care, tests, or treatment you thought you needed through your health plan? | −0.366 (−0.465; –.266) | <0.001 |
| When you needed care right away, how often did you get care as soon as you thought you needed? | −0.187 (−0.259; −0.116) | <0.001 |
| Not counting the times you needed care right away, how often did you get an appointment for your healthcare at a doctor’s office or clinic as soon as you thought you needed? | −0.258 (−0.342; −0.174) | <0.001 |
| Not having a regular doctorb | ||
| Major problem | 1 (reference) | |
| Not a problem or minor problem | −0.643 (–1.019; −0.267) | <0.001 |
CAHPS, Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and System; CI, confidence interval.
Results shown in boldface type have a p value of <0.10 in univariate analyses.
Forty-eight patients responded ‘not applicable’ and were excluded from the analysis.
Two patients with other races were excluded.
One patient with middle class education and 1 patient with some high school were excluded.
Twenty patients who responded ‘don’t know/prefer not say’ were excluded.
Mental health disorders include 63 depression, 50 generalized anxiety disorder, 8 mania or bipolar disorder, 2 dysthymic disorder, 6 obsessive compulsive disorder, 26 panic attack, 9 phobia, 53 post-traumatic stress disorder, 1gender dysphoria, 1 insomnia 1 mood swings, 1 MST, and 1 schizophrenia.