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. 2021 Jun 17;75:101439. doi: 10.1016/j.pmcj.2021.101439

Table 4.

Estimates of percentage of people who at least somewhat agreed the app has security and privacy risks/self benefits/societal benefits and other people will install this app (%). The first column of each variable is the reference condition.

Mediator variable All Proximity
Location Use
App Provider
Security risk
Decen. Ano.Central. Id.Central. None Local Uploaded State Federal Tech Employer None Breach 2nd use Re-id.

% of participants who agreed “Installing this app presents a risk to my security and privacy.”

S&P risks 54.8 52.7 52.5 59.1 50.2 57.1 57.3 54.1 50.4 56.8 58.1 43.3 62.8 59.7 53.6

% of participants who agreed “Installing this app helps me protect myself against COVID-19.”

Self benefits 68.2 68.6 67.0 69.0 66.2 67.7 70.8 70.2 70.9 65.4 66.4 69.8 67.1 67.2 68.9

% of participants who agreed “This app helps slow the spread of COVID-19 in my area.”

Societal benefits 64.9 63.6 65.2 65.9 62.5 64.1 68.0 64.9 65.4 63.0 66.4 68.0 63.4 61.8 66.6

% of participants who agreed “Most people in my area would install this app if it became available.”

Perceived adoption 41.7 41.4 41.3 42.4 41.3 40.7 43.2 40.0 44.7 42.4 39.7 42.9 42.7 37.4 44.1

Condition names are abbreviated. Decen.: Decentralized; Ano.Central.: Anonymized Centralized; Id.Central.: Identified Centralized; None: No location use; Local: Location on device; Uploaded.: Location uploaded; State: State health authorities; Federal: Federal health authorities; Tech: Tech company; Employer: Employer or school; None: No risk mentioned; Breach: Data breach risk; 2nd use: Secondary use risk; Re-id.: Re-identification risk.