Table 1.
The expression level of the PD-1/PD-L1 in human studies.
| First author | PD-1/PD-L1 | Patients | Sample | Method | Cell types | Expression level | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Xia Guo | PD-L1 | IPF/normal | Lung | IF | / | Upregulation | (17) |
| Bing Wang | PD-1 | IPF/normal | Peripheral blood | FCM | CD4+ T cells | Upregulation | (18) |
| PD-L1 | IPF/normal | Upregulation | |||||
| Sissel Kronborg-White | mPD-L1 | IPF/normal | Lung | IHC | Alveolar and/or bronchiolar epithelial cells | Upregulation | (19) |
| Lu Cui | PD-L1 | IPF/normal | Lung | Mass cytometry | Fibroblasts | Upregulation | (20) |
| Yan Geng | PD-L1 | IPF/normal | Lung | IF WB FCM |
Fibroblasts | Upregulation | (21) |
| Ke Ni | PD-1 | IPF/normal | Lung | IHC | / | Upregulation | (22) |
| Peripheral blood | FCM | T lymphocytes | Upregulation | ||||
| PD-L1 | Peripheral blood | FCM | T lymphocytes | No change | |||
| Dragana Jovanovic | mPD-L1 sPD-L1 |
IPF/normal | Lung | IHC | Alveolar macrophages | Upregulation | (23) |
| Plasma | ELISA | / | Elevation | ||||
| M Roksandic Milenkovic | sPD-L1 | IPF/normal | Plasma | ELISA | / | Elevation | (24) |
| Lindsay J. Celada | PD-1 | IPF/normal | Lung | FCM | Th17 cells | Upregulation | (25) |
| IHC | / | Upregulation | |||||
| PD-L1 | IHC | / | Upregulation | ||||
| David M. Habiel | PD-1 | IPF/normal | Lung | FCM | CD8+ cytotoxic CD28null T cells | Upregulation | (26) |
IPF, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; PD-1, programmed cell death 1; PD-L1, programmed death-ligand 1; IF, immunofluorescence; FCM, flow cytometry; mPD-L1, membrane programmed death-ligand 1; sPD-L1, soluble programmed death-ligand 1; IHC, immunohistochemistry; WB, western blot; ELISA, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; Th17, T helper 17.