Table 1. Characteristics of the participants.
| Characteristics | Training set (n=680) | Testing set (n=236) | P value | Training set (N=680) | Testing set (N=236) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PE group (n=188) | Non-PE group (n=492) | P value | PE group (n=49) | Non-PE group (n=187) | P value | |||||
| Age, years | 30.2±0.2 | 30.8±0.8 | 0.114 | 31.2±4.8 | 30.0±4.5 | 0.001 | 31.5±5.7 | 30.5±4.1 | 0.023 | |
| Primiparity | 450 (66.2) | 141 (59.7) | 0.075 | 116 (61.7) | 334 (67.9) | 0.242 | 39 (79.6) | 102 (54.5) | 0.683 | |
| Multiple gestation | 43 (6.3) | 12 (5.1) | 0.490 | 18 (9.6) | 25 (5.1) | 0.026 | 2 (4.1) | 10 (5.4) | 0.420 | |
| Duration of hypertension, years | 0.2±1.2 | 0.3±1.6 | 0.967 | 0.6±2.0 | 0.1±0.6 | <0.001 | 0.8±2.5 | 0.1±1.1 | <0.001 | |
| GDM | 234 (34.4) | 92 (39.0) | 0.097 | 87 (46.3) | 147 (29.9) | <0.001 | 30 (61.2) | 62 (33.2) | 0.101 | |
| Smoking | 3 (0.4) | 2 (0.8) | 0.465 | 1 (0.5) | 2 (0.4) | 0.811 | 1 (2.0) | 1 (0.5) | 0.454 | |
| Drinking | 4 (0.6) | 2 (0.8) | 0.671 | 1 (0.5) | 3 (0.6) | 0.921 | 0 | 2 (1.1) | 0.957 | |
| Abnormal pregnancy | 119 (17.5) | 41 (17.4) | 0.965 | 35 (18.6) | 84 (17.1) | 0.552 | 12 (24.5) | 23 (12.3) | 0.271 | |
| Chronic hypertension | 57 (8.4) | 18 (7.6) | 0.715 | 45 (23.9) | 12 (2.4) | <0.001 | 16 (32.7) | 2 (1.1) | <0.001 | |
| DM | 18 (2.6) | 3 (1.3) | 0.224 | 9 (4.8) | 9 (1.8) | 0.028 | 1 (2.0) | 2 (1.1) | 0.794 | |
| History of PE | 18 (2.6) | 5 (2.1) | 0.655 | 16 (8.5) | 2 (0.4) | <0.001 | 4 (8.2) | 1 (0.5) | 0.006 | |
| Kidney disease | 7 (1.0) | 2 (0.8) | 0.807 | 5 (2.7) | 2 (0.4) | 0.008 | 1 (2.0) | 1 (0.5) | 0.454 | |
| pBMI, kg/m2 | 24.1±4.5 | 24.1±3.7 | 0.438 | 27.4±5.4 | 22.9±3.5 | <0.001 | 26.6±3.8 | 23.2±3.3 | <0.001 | |
| BP ≥130/80 mmHg | 188 (25.6) | 59 (25.0) | 0.430 | 121 (64.4) | 67 (13.6) | <0.001 | 38 (77.6) | 21 (11.2) | <0.001 | |
| Family history | ||||||||||
| Hypertension | 239 (35.1) | 79 (33.5) | 0.642 | 142 (75.5) | 97 (19.7) | <0.001 | 45 (83.3) | 25 (13.4) | <0.001 | |
| DM | 80 (11.8) | 23 (9.7) | 0.398 | 26 (13.8) | 54 (11.0) | 0.257 | 9 (18.4) | 14 (7.5) | 0.156 | |
| Assisted reproduction | 62 (9.1) | 15 (6.4) | 0.188 | 22 (11.7) | 40 (8.1) | 0.124 | 5 (10.2) | 10 (5.3) | 0.548 | |
Continuous variables with normal distribution or non-normal distribution were expressed as mean ± SD or number (%). Categorical data were expressed as numbers and percentages. GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; DM, diabetes mellitus; PE, preeclampsia; pBMI, pre-pregnancy body mass index; BP, blood pressure in the early pregnancy.