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. 2021 Jul 10;122:108193. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.108193

Table 3.

Results of mental health assessments.

Scales PWE (N = 16) Caregivers (N = 32) Mean scoresb
NDDI-E > 15, n (%) 6 (37) N/A 13.88 ± 5.24 (6–22)
DASS anxiety, n (%)
 Normal (0–7)a 5 (31) 17 (41) 12.92 ± 11.74 (0–42)
 Mild (8–9)a 1 (6) 1 (3)
 Moderate (10–14)a 3 (19) 7 (21)
 Severe (15–19)a 1 (6) 1 (3)
 Extremely severe (20+)a 6 (37) 8 (23)
DASS depression, n (%)
 Normal (0–9)a 5 (31) 17 (41) 12.88 ± 11.74 (0–42)
 Mild (10–13)a 1 (6) 6 (18)
 Moderate (14–20)a 4 (25) 3 (9)
 Severe (21–27)a 1 (6) 4 (12)
 Extremely severe (28+)a 5 (31) 4 (12)
DASS stress, n (%)
 Normal (0–14)a 3 (19) 13 (38) 19.40 ± 13 (0–42)
 Mild (15–18)a 2 (12) 7 (21)
 Moderate (19–25)a 3 (19) 4 (12)
 Severe (26–33)a 3 (19) 7 (21)
 Extremely severe (34+)a 5 (31) 3 (9)

aCutoff point for each scale.

bmean ± SD (minimum – maximum).