Table 1.

Characteristics of nurse managers and univariate analysis of sleep disorders with different demographic characteristics (n = 327)

Characteristics	n	%	PSQI score (Mean ± SD)	t/F	p value
Gender				0.247	0.805a
Male	2	0.6	7.00 ± 2.83
Female	325	99.4	6.48 ± 2.96
Age (years)				3.946	0.020b
≤ 30	11	3.4	4.55 ± 3.33
31–40	94	28.7	6.12 ± 2.40
≥ 41	222	67.9	6.73 ± 3.11
Marital status				2.377	0.094b
Single	9	2.8	7.78 ± 2.77
Married	312	95.4	6.40 ± 2.91
Widowed/divorced	6	1.8	8.50 ± 4.76
Education level				0.092	0.964b
High school/ technical school	2	0.6	7.00 ± 2.83
Junior college and below	57	17.4	6.56 ± 3.13
Bachelor's degree	257	78.6	6.44 ± 2.96
Master's degree and above	11	3.4	6.82 ± 2.27
Professional title				0.449	0.773b
Nurse	3	0.9	4.67 ± 3.21
Nurse practitioner	41	12.5	6.59 ± 2.59
Nurse-in-charge	203	62.1	6.54 ± 2.99
Associate chief nurse	76	23.3	6.30 ± 3.08
Chief nurse	4	1.2	7.25 ± 2.88
Seniority in a nurse manager position (years)				0.587	0.672b
< 3	49	15.0	6.57 ± 2.81
3–5	56	17.1	6.36 ± 2.83
6–10	101	30.9	6.46 ± 2.77
11–20	108	33.0	6.67 ± 3.17
≥ 21	13	4.0	5.39 ± 3.82
Frequency of exercise (times)				5.888	0.001b
Never	38	11.6	8.00 ± 3.62
Rarely (≥ 1/quarter)	61	18.7	7.03 ± 3.02
Occasionally (≥ 1/month)	107	32.7	6.25 ± 2.59
Frequently (≥ 1/week)	121	37.0	5.93 ± 2.83
Keeping a 24-h mobile phone on				-2.193	0.029a
Yes	301	92.0	6.59 ± 2.91
No	26	8.0	5.23 ± 3.35

Abbreviation: PSQI Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, SD standard deviation

^ap-value of independent samples t test

^bp-value of one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)