. 2022 Dec 19;7:167. doi: 10.1038/s41541-022-00597-4

Table 2.

Variant-targeting booster vaccines.

Vaccine type	Vaccines	Manufacturer	Phase & study description	Administration	Reference
SARS-CoV-2 S based mRNA vaccine	mRNA-1273 (ancestral strain), mRNA-1273.213 (Beta and Delta), mRNA-1273.211 (ancestral strain and Beta), mRNA-1273.617.2 (Delta), mRNA-1273.529 (Omicron), mRNA-1273.214 (ancestral strain and Delta variant), mRNA-1273.222 (ancestral strain and Omicron BA.4/BA.5)	Moderna	Phase 2/3 or completed; a study to evaluate the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of mRNA-1273.214 as booster vaccine	Prime: mRNA-1273; Boost: mRNA-1273.213/ mRNA-1273.211/ mRNA-1273.617.2/ mRNA-1273.529/ mRNA-1273.214/ mRNA-1273.222	NCT04927065⁷⁹
SARS-CoV-2 S based mRNA vaccine	BNT162b2 (ancestral strain), BNT162b5 Bivalent (ancestral strain/ Omicron BA.2), BNT162b2 Bivalent (ancestral strain/ Omicron BA.1), BNT162b2 Bivalent (ancestral strain/ Omicron BA.4/BA.5)	Pfizer-BioNTech	Phase 2/3 or completed; an interventional randomized, active-controlled study to investigate the safety and immunogenicity of bivalent BNT162b RNA-based vaccine candidates as a booster dose	Prime: BNT162b2; Boost: BNT162b5 Bivalent/ BNT162b2 Bivalent (WT/OMI BA.1)/ BNT162b2 Bivalent (WT/OMI BA.4/BA.5)	NCT05472038
Recombinant S protein nanoparticle vaccine	NVX-CoV2373 (prototype-targeted) & NVX-CoV2515 (Omicron-targeted)	Novavax	Phase 3; a randomized, observer-blinded study to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of 2 booster doses of the monovalent and bivalent vaccines adjuvanted with Matrix-M^TM adjuvant	Prime: other COVID-19 vaccines; Boost: NVX-CoV2515 or NVX-CoV2373 & NVX-CoV2515	NCT05372588
Protein subunit vaccine	MVD614 (monovalent formulation based on the original strain), MVB.1.351 (monovalent Beta formulation)	Sanofi-GSK	Phase 3; a study to evaluate immunogenicity and reactogenicity of two adjuvanted vaccines administered as booster dose in adults who received 2 doses of BNT162b2 before	Prime: BNT162b2; Boost: BNT162b2/ MVD614/ MVB.1.351	NCT05124171⁸⁰
Protein subunit vaccine	SCTV01C (Alpha and Beta variants S-trimer vaccine), SCTV01E (Alpha/Beta/Delta/Omicron variants S-trimer vaccine)	Sinocelltech	Phase 3; a randomized, double-blind, positive-controlled study to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of one dose SCTV01C or SCTV01E as a booster compared with homologous booster in adults	Prime: BBIBP/ mRNA-1273; Boost: BBIBP/ mRNA-1273/ SCTV01C/ SCTV01E	NCT05308576, NCT05323461⁸¹
Protein subunit vaccine	V-01-351 (Beta-targeted) & V-01D (Delta-targeted)	Livzon	Phase 2; a single arm, open label study to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of bivalent vaccine in healthy adults who have vaccinated with 2 doses of inactivated vaccines	Prime: inactivated COVID-19 vaccine; Boost: V-01-351 & V-01D	NCT05273528⁸²
Omicron-based inactivated vaccine	Omicron COVID-19 Vaccine	Sinopharm	Phase 3; a randomized, double blind, positive controlled study in population aged 18 y and above who have received 2 or 3 doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines	Prime: prototype inactivated vaccine; Boost: Omicron variant inactivate vaccine	NCT05374954
Omicron-based inactivated vaccine	Omicron COVID-19 Vaccine	Sinovac	The same as above	Prime: inactivated vaccine (CZ strain); Boost: inactivated vaccine (Omicron variant)	NCT05381350