TABLE 3.

Association between TMAO, CMPF, and risk of all-cause mortality¹

	All-cause mortality, HR [95% CI]
	ln CMPF	ln TMAO
Crude	0.81 [0.73,0.90]	1.63 [1.33,2.00]
Model 1	0.76 [0.68,0.84]	1.63 [1.32,2.00]
Model 2	0.78 [0.70,0.87]	1.55 [1.26,1.91]
Model 3	0.79 [0.70,0.88]	1.51 [1.23,1.87]
Model 4	0.79 [0.71,0.89]	1.46 [1.17,1.83]

¹ n = 737. Crude model: ln TMAO + ln CMPF, Model 1: adjusted for age, sex, and country. Model 2: model 1 + diabetes, preexisting cardiovascular disease, Charlson comorbidity index, diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, and malnutrition (SGA <5). Model 3: model 2 + albumin, phosphate, and hemoglobin. Model 4: model 3 + eGFR. CMPF, 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionate; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; SGA, subjective global assessment; TMAO, trimethylamine N-oxide.