Identification of N-acyl amides 1 and 2 from NmNAT and bioactivity testing. (a) Molecular networking of 20 of the 30 identified N-acyl ornithines (left, navy) and lysines (right, blue), where nodes are connected by tandem-MS patterns. (b) Production levels of 1 and 2 compared to the vector (pET28a) control. (c) New bacterially-derived metabolites 1 (m/z 359) and 2 (m/z 373). (d) Dose-dependent activation of S1PR4 by 1 and 2 observed in a PRESTO-Tango assay, quantified as fold over DMSO vehicle control (relative luminescence units (RLU) of compound divided by the DMSO RLU). Positive control ligand sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is shown. (e) Change in percentages of IL-17A+ cells, quantified as fold over DMSO vehicle control in TH17 polarized cells from an IL-17AKatushka IL-10eGFP FoxP3RFP reporter assay system in CD4+ T cells. Error bars represent SD. Two-tailed t-test. *p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001.