TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants with NAFLD cirrhosis, stratified by Ultrasound visualisation score
| Overall (N = 54) | US Visualisation Score A/B ≤ Moderate Limitations (N = 35) | US Visualisation Score C Severe Limitations (N = 19) | p-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic profile | ||||
| Age (yr) | 63.3 (8.4) | 63.3 (8.3) | 63.3 (8.3) | 0.9832 |
| Female, n (%) | 36 (66.7%) | 23 (65.7%) | 13 (68.4%) | 0.8403 |
| Diabetes Mellitus, n (%) | 32 (59.3%) | 20 (57.1%) | 12 (63.2%) | 0.6675 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 32.0 (6.0) | 30.9 (5.5) | 34.1 (6.5) | 0.0595 |
| Obese†, n (%) | 31 (57.4%) | 17 (48.6%) | 14 (73.7%) | 0.0747 |
| Race, n (%) | 0.4724 | |||
| White | 21 (39.6%) | 16 (45.7%) | 5 (27.8%) | |
| Hispanic | 25 (47.2%) | 15 (42.9%) | 10 (55.6%) | |
| African American | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (2.9%) | 0 | |
| Asian | 5 (9.4%) | 2 (5.7%) | 3 (16.7%) | |
| Hawaiian or Pac Islander | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (2.9%) | 0 | |
| Biochemical data | ||||
| AST (u/L) | 46.0 (24.9) | 43.5 (19.7) | 50.5 (32.6) | 0.5228 |
| ALT (u/L) | 40.8 (25.2) | 42.2 (27.4) | 38.1 (21) | 0.6983 |
| Platelet count (1000/mm3) | 148.8 (76.5) | 170.0 (84.0) | 112.1 (42.2) | 0.0087 |
| Hgb A1c (%) | 8.2 (12.5) | 6.5 (1.4) | 11.1 (21.1) | 0.8076 |
| Total Bilirubin (mg/dl) | 1.1 (1.2) | 0.9 (0.7) | 1.3 (1.9) | 0.2819 |
| Direct Bilirubin (mg/dl) | 0.4 (0.7) | 0.3 (0.4) | 0.5 (1.1) | 0.2219 |
| INR | 1.2 (0.2) | 1.2 (0.1) | 1.3 (0.3) | 0.0382 |
| Albumin (g/dl) | 4.2 (0.5) | 4.4 (0.4) | 3.9 (0.6) | 0.0046 |
| MELD | 6.5 (4.1) | 5.8 (3.4) | 8.1 (6.1) | 0.1453 |
| FIB-4 | 4.0 (2.6) | 3.2 (2.0) | 5.2 (3.0) | 0.0032 |
| Imaging results | ||||
| MRI-PDFF (%)‡ n = 50 | 8.9 (8.1) | 10.9 (9.0) | 4.8 (3.0) | 0.0018 |
| MRE (kPa)§ n = 42 | 5.4 (2.1) | 5.2 (2.3) | 5.9 (1.6) | 0.1046 |
| VCTE (kPa) n = 50 | 18.7 (12.2) | 17.1 (13.5) | 22.1 (8.1) | 0.0258 |
| CAP (dB/m) n = 50 | 269.6 (70.0) | 270.2 (75.9) | 268.2 (57.9) | 0.5560 |
| Tumour markers | ||||
| AFP (ng/ml) n = 34 | 4.6 (4.3) | 4.1 (1.9) | 5.2 (6.2) | 0.9725 |
| AFP-L3 (%) n = 48 | 3.9 (4.5) | 3.9 (4.8) | 3.9 (4.2) | 0.8510 |
| DCP (mAu/ml) n = 53 | 0.9 (1.5) | 0.8 (1.6) | 0.9 (1.4) | 0.5659 |
Note: Mean values are provided with SD in parenthesis unless otherwise noted as n (%).
Abbreviations: AFP, alpha-fetoprotein; ALT, alanine transaminase; AST, aspartate transaminase; CAP, controlled attenuation parameter; DCP, Des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin; FIB-4, fibrosis-4 score; MELD, Model For End-Stage Liver Disease; MRE, magnetic resonance elastography; MRI-PDFF, magnetic resonance imaging – proton density fat fraction; plt, platelet count; SD, standard deviation; US, ultrasound; VCTE, vibration controlled transient elastography; yr, year.
Categorical variables tested with chi square or Fisher's exact test as appropriate.
Continuous variables were compared using t-test or Wilcoxon two-sample test as appropriate.
p-value <0.05 is deemed significant, boldface indicates significant p values.
Obese was defined as BMI ≥30 kg/m2.
MRI-PDFF was measured as per following manuscript: Loomba R et al. Hepatology. 2015;61(4):1239–1250.
MRE was measured as per following manuscript: Loomba R et al. Hepatology. 2014;60(6):1920–1928.